महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-55, verse-18

सोऽमृष्यमाणः कर्णस्य निषङ्गस्यावलम्बनम् ।
चिच्छेद निशिताग्रेण शरेण नतपर्वणा ॥१८॥

18. so'mṛṣyamāṇaḥ karṇasya niṣaṅgasyāvalambanam ,
ciccheda niśitāgreṇa śareṇa nataparvaṇā.

18. saḥ amṛṣyamāṇaḥ karṇasya niṣaṅgasya avalambanam
ciccheda niśitāgreṇa śareṇa nataparvaṇā

18. Unable to tolerate (Karṇa's actions), he (Arjuna) cut the strap of Karṇa's quiver with a sharp-tipped, well-feathered arrow.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Arjuna) (he, that)

• अमृष्यमाणः (amṛṣyamāṇaḥ) - unable to tolerate (Karṇa's attack/presence) (not tolerating, unable to endure, impatient)

• कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna

• निषङ्गस्य (niṣaṅgasya) - of the quiver (of the quiver, of the sword, of the scabbard)

• अवलम्बनम् (avalambanam) - the strap (of the quiver) (support, dependence, strap, suspension)

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he (Arjuna) cut (he/she/it cut, tore, divided)

• निशिताग्रेण (niśitāgreṇa) - with a sharp-pointed (arrow) (with a sharp point, sharp-pointed)

• शरेण (śareṇa) - with an arrow (with an arrow, by means of an arrow)

• नतपर्वणा (nataparvaṇā) - with a well-feathered/well-jointed (arrow) (with bent joints, with bent knots, with strong joints (referring to arrows, often well-feathered))

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Arjuna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'ciccheda'.

अमृष्यमाणः (amṛṣyamāṇaḥ) - unable to tolerate (Karṇa's attack/presence) (not tolerating, unable to endure, impatient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of a + mṛṣyamāṇa

mṛṣyamāṇa - tolerating, enduring, suffering

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root 'mṛṣ' (to bear, endure) with śānac suffix for middle voice. Negated by 'a-'.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (a+mṛṣyamāṇa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• mṛṣyamāṇa – tolerating, enduring, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Middle Participle
  Derived from root 'mṛṣ' (to bear, endure) with śānac suffix.
  Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Refers to 'saḥ' (Arjuna).

कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; Karna (proper name)

Note: Possessive, referring to the quiver's strap belonging to Karna.

निषङ्गस्य (niṣaṅgasya) - of the quiver (of the quiver, of the sword, of the scabbard)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of niṣaṅga

niṣaṅga - quiver, scabbard, sword

From `ni` + `sañj` (to cling to).

Prefix: ni

Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Possessive, referring to the strap of the quiver.

अवलम्बनम् (avalambanam) - the strap (of the quiver) (support, dependence, strap, suspension)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avalambana

avalambana - holding on, hanging down, support, strap, dependence

From `ava` + `lamb` (to hang).

Prefix: ava

Root: lamb (class 1)

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he (Arjuna) cut (he/she/it cut, tore, divided)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of chid

Past Tense (Perfect)

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada. Reduplicated root.

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

निशिताग्रेण (niśitāgreṇa) - with a sharp-pointed (arrow) (with a sharp point, sharp-pointed)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of niśitāgra

niśitāgra - sharp-pointed, having a sharp tip

`niśita` (sharpened) + `agra` (point, tip).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (niśita+agra)

• niśita – sharpened, whetted, keen
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `śo` or `śi` (to sharpen) with prefix `ni` and kta suffix.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: śo (class 4)
• agra – point, tip, front, foremost
  noun (neuter)

शरेण (śareṇa) - with an arrow (with an arrow, by means of an arrow)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ

नतपर्वणा (nataparvaṇā) - with a well-feathered/well-jointed (arrow) (with bent joints, with bent knots, with strong joints (referring to arrows, often well-feathered))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nataparvan

nataparvan - having bent joints/knots (describes a well-made arrow, often implying well-feathered)

`nata` (bent) + `parvan` (joint, knot, section).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nata+parvan)

• nata – bent, bowed, humbled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `nam` (to bend, bow) with kta suffix.
  Root: nam (class 1)
• parvan – joint, knot, section, limb
  noun (neuter)