महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-59, verse-16

परिधावन्नथ नल इतश्चेतश्च भारत ।
आससाद सभोद्देशे विकोशं खड्गमुत्तमम् ॥१६॥

16. paridhāvannatha nala itaścetaśca bhārata ,
āsasāda sabhoddeśe vikośaṁ khaḍgamuttamam.

16. paridhāvan atha nala itaḥ ca itaḥ ca bhārata
āsasāda sabhoddeśe vikośam khaḍgam uttamam

16. Then, O Bhārata, Nala, running here and there, found an excellent unsheathed sword in the area of the assembly hall.

Words meanings summery:

• परिधावन् (paridhāvan) - running around, circling, roaming

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• नल (nala) - Nala (name of the king)

• इतः (itaḥ) - from here, hither, here

• च (ca) - and, also

• इतः (itaḥ) - from here, hither, here

• च (ca) - and, also

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata)

• आससाद (āsasāda) - he found, he reached, he obtained

• सभोद्देशे (sabhoddeśe) - in the vicinity of the assembly, in the court area

• विकोशम् (vikośam) - unsheathed, drawn from its scabbard

• खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, supreme

Words meanings and morphology

परिधावन् (paridhāvan) - running around, circling, roaming

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paridhāvat

paridhāvat - running around, circling, roaming

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'dhāvu' with 'pari' prefix.

Prefix: pari

Root: dhāvu (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

नल (nala) - Nala (name of the king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (name of a king, a species of reed)

इतः (itaḥ) - from here, hither, here

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

इतः (itaḥ) - from here, hither, here

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, an Indian

आससाद (āsasāda) - he found, he reached, he obtained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of āsad

Derived from root 'sad' with 'ā' prefix.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

सभोद्देशे (sabhoddeśe) - in the vicinity of the assembly, in the court area

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sabhoddeśa

sabhoddeśa - vicinity of an assembly, court area, region of the court

Compound type : tatpurusha (sabhā+uddeśa)

• sabhā – assembly, court, council
  noun (feminine)
• uddeśa – direction, region, vicinity, reference
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: diś (class 6)

विकोशम् (vikośam) - unsheathed, drawn from its scabbard

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vikośa

vikośa - unsheathed, without a sheath

Bahuvrihi compound, 'one whose sheath is gone'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+kośa)

• vi – without, separation (prefix)
  indeclinable
• kośa – sheath, scabbard, treasure, bud
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'khaḍgam'.

खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword, rhinoceros

Note: Object of 'āsasāda'.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, supreme

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uttama

uttama - best, highest, excellent, supreme

Superlative form, from 'ud' + 'tamap' suffix.

Note: Agrees with 'khaḍgam'.