महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-271, verse-21

ततः सुतुमुलं युद्धमभवल्लोमहर्षणम् ।
दूषणानुजयोः पार्थ लक्ष्मणस्य च धीमतः ॥२१॥

21. tataḥ sutumulaṁ yuddhamabhavallomaharṣaṇam ,
dūṣaṇānujayoḥ pārtha lakṣmaṇasya ca dhīmataḥ.

21. tataḥ sutumulam yuddham abhavat lomaharṣaṇam
dūṣaṇānujayoḥ pārtha lakṣmaṇasya ca dhīmataḥ

21. Then a very tumultuous and hair-raising battle ensued between Dūṣaṇa's two younger brothers, Pārtha, and the intelligent Lakṣmaṇa.

21. אז פרץ קרב סוער ומקפיא דם בין אחי דוּשַׁנַה לבין לַקְשְׁמַנַה החכם, הו פָּארְתְהַא.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefrom, afterwards)

• सुतुमुलम् (sutumulam) - very tumultuous (very tumultuous, greatly agitated)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle (battle, war, fight)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it occurred (it was, it occurred, it came into being)

• लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising (hair-raising, thrilling, causing goosebumps)

• दूषणानुजयोः (dūṣaṇānujayoḥ) - between Dūṣaṇa's younger brothers (of Dūṣaṇa's younger brothers, between Dūṣaṇa's younger brothers)

• पार्थ (pārtha) - Pārtha (a warrior, perhaps another participant) (Pārtha (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna); prince, king's son)

• लक्ष्मणस्य (lakṣmaṇasya) - of Lakṣmaṇa

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - of the intelligent one (of the intelligent one, of the wise one)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefrom, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

सुतुमुलम् (sutumulam) - very tumultuous (very tumultuous, greatly agitated)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sutumula

sutumula - very tumultuous, extremely agitated, noisy

Prefix su- (very, good) + tumula (tumultuous)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+tumula)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• tumula – tumultuous, noisy, agitated
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'yuddham'.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle (battle, war, fight)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

From root yudh (to fight) with suffix -ta

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'abhavat'.

अभवत् (abhavat) - it occurred (it was, it occurred, it came into being)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect tense

Root bhū, augment a-, 3rd person singular active ending -at

Root: bhū (class 1)

लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising (hair-raising, thrilling, causing goosebumps)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lomaharṣaṇa

lomaharṣaṇa - causing the hair to stand on end, thrilling, horrifying

Compound of loman (hair) and harṣaṇa (causing excitement/bristling)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loman+harṣaṇa)

• loman – hair (of the body)
  noun (neuter)
• harṣaṇa – causing excitement, thrilling, bristling
  adjective (neuter)
  Causative Noun of Action / Verbal Adjective
  From root hṛṣ (to be excited) in causative
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'yuddham'.

दूषणानुजयोः (dūṣaṇānujayoḥ) - between Dūṣaṇa's younger brothers (of Dūṣaṇa's younger brothers, between Dūṣaṇa's younger brothers)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of dūṣaṇānuja

dūṣaṇānuja - younger brother of Dūṣaṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dūṣaṇa+anuja)

• dūṣaṇa – Dūṣaṇa (name of a rākṣasa); defiling, corrupting
  proper noun (masculine)
• anuja – younger brother
  noun (masculine)
  From anu- + jan (to be born)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Indicates one party of the battle.

पार्थ (pārtha) - Pārtha (a warrior, perhaps another participant) (Pārtha (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna); prince, king's son)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Arjuna), prince, king's son, relating to the earth

Formed from Pṛthā with suffix -a (patronymic)

Note: In this Ramayana context, the presence of 'Pārtha' is anomalous, as he is a Mahābhārata character. It is likely a textual variant or a general epithet for a warrior/prince, or referring to another character by this name. Here, it is treated as a proper noun, a participant in the battle, despite the irregular grammatical agreement with other genitive forms specifying the parties.

लक्ष्मणस्य (lakṣmaṇasya) - of Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (name of Rāma's brother)

Note: Indicates another party of the battle.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - of the intelligent one (of the intelligent one, of the wise one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, thoughtful

Possessive suffix -mat

Note: Qualifies 'lakṣmaṇasya'.

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