महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-271, verse-5

तद्दृष्ट्वा व्यथनं कर्म कुम्भकर्णस्य रक्षसः ।
उदक्रोशन्परित्रस्तास्तारप्रभृतयस्तदा ॥५॥

5. taddṛṣṭvā vyathanaṁ karma kumbhakarṇasya rakṣasaḥ ,
udakrośanparitrastāstāraprabhṛtayastadā.

5. tad dṛṣṭvā vyathanam karma kumbhakarṇasya rakṣasaḥ
udakrośan paritrastāḥ tāraprabhṛtayaḥ tadā

5. Seeing that distressing act (karma) of the rākṣasa Kumbhakarna, Tāra and the others, greatly terrified, cried out at that moment.

Words meanings summery:

• तद् (tad) - that (referring to the act of devouring) (that)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (Kumbhakarna's act) (having seen)

• व्यथनम् (vyathanam) - distressing (distressing, causing pain, agitation)

• कर्म (karma) - act (of devouring) (act, deed, action (karma))

• कुम्भकर्णस्य (kumbhakarṇasya) - of Kumbhakarna (proper noun) (of Kumbhakarna)

• रक्षसः (rakṣasaḥ) - of the rākṣasa (of the rākṣasa, from the rākṣasa)

• उदक्रोशन् (udakrośan) - they cried out (they cried out, they wailed)

• परित्रस्ताः (paritrastāḥ) - greatly terrified (greatly terrified, extremely frightened)

• तारप्रभृतयः (tāraprabhṛtayaḥ) - Tāra and the other monkeys (Tāra and others)

• तदा (tadā) - at that moment (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

तद् (tad) - that (referring to the act of devouring) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of `dṛṣṭvā`.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (Kumbhakarna's act) (having seen)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from root `dṛś` (to see) with suffix `ktvā`.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

व्यथनम् (vyathanam) - distressing (distressing, causing pain, agitation)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vyathana

vyathana - causing pain, distressing, agitation

From root `vyath` (to be agitated, disturbed) with suffix `ana`.

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `karma`.

कर्म (karma) - act (of devouring) (act, deed, action (karma))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - act, deed, action (karma)

From root `kṛ` (to do) with suffix `man`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object qualified by `vyathanam`.

कुम्भकर्णस्य (kumbhakarṇasya) - of Kumbhakarna (proper noun) (of Kumbhakarna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kumbhakarṇa

kumbhakarṇa - Kumbhakarna (name of a rākṣasa), one with pot-like ears

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kumbha+karṇa)

• kumbha – pot, pitcher
  noun (masculine)
• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive case, referring to the `karma`.

रक्षसः (rakṣasaḥ) - of the rākṣasa (of the rākṣasa, from the rākṣasa)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rakṣas

rakṣas - rākṣasa, demon

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Kumbhakarna.

उदक्रोशन् (udakrośan) - they cried out (they cried out, they wailed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kruś

Imperfect Active Third Person Plural

Root `kruś` (class 1) with prefix `ud`, Imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person plural.

Prefix: ud

Root: kruś (class 1)

परित्रस्ताः (paritrastāḥ) - greatly terrified (greatly terrified, extremely frightened)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paritrasta

paritrasta - greatly terrified, extremely frightened

Past Passive Participle

From root `tras` (to tremble, to fear) with prefix `pari` and `kta` suffix.

Prefix: pari

Root: tras (class 4)

Note: Qualifies `tāraprabhṛtayaḥ`.

तारप्रभृतयः (tāraprabhṛtayaḥ) - Tāra and the other monkeys (Tāra and others)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāraprabhṛti

tāraprabhṛti - Tāra and others

Compound type : tatpurusha (tāra+prabhṛti)

• tāra – Tāra (name of a monkey chief), star
  proper noun (masculine)
• prabhṛti – beginning with, and so on, others
  noun (feminine)
  From `pra` + root `bhṛ` (to bear) + `ktin` suffix.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Subject of `udakrośan`.

तदा (tadā) - at that moment (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Formed from `tad` (that) with suffix `dā`.