महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-235, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततोऽर्जुनश्चित्रसेनं प्रहसन्निदमब्रवीत् ।
मध्ये गन्धर्वसैन्यानां महेष्वासो महाद्युतिः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tato'rjunaścitrasenaṁ prahasannidamabravīt ,
madhye gandharvasainyānāṁ maheṣvāso mahādyutiḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tataḥ arjunaḥ citrasenam prahasan idam
abravīt madhye gandharvasainyānām maheṣvāsaḥ mahādyutiḥ

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then, the great archer (Arjuna), of immense radiance, who was amidst the Gandharva armies, smilingly said this to Citrasena.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• चित्रसेनम् (citrasenam) - to Citrasena

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - smiling, laughing

• इदम् (idam) - Refers to the following speech. (this)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle of, among

• गन्धर्वसैन्यानाम् (gandharvasainyānām) - of the Gandharva armies

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - Epithet for Arjuna. (great archer)

• महाद्युतिः (mahādyutiḥ) - Epithet for Arjuna. (of great splendor, very radiant)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

root vac, perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of the third Pāṇḍava)

चित्रसेनम् (citrasenam) - to Citrasena

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of citrasena

citrasena - Citrasena (name of a Gandharva king)

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - smiling, laughing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasat

prahasat - smiling, laughing

present active participle

formed from root has with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Arjuna.

इदम् (idam) - Refers to the following speech. (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vac

root vac, imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle of, among

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as a postposition and takes genitive case.

गन्धर्वसैन्यानाम् (gandharvasainyānām) - of the Gandharva armies

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of gandharvasainya

gandharvasainya - Gandharva army

Compound type : tatpurusha (gandharva+sainya)

• gandharva – Gandharva (a class of celestial beings)
  noun (masculine)
• sainya – army, host
  noun (neuter)

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - Epithet for Arjuna. (great archer)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one with a great bow

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
• iṣvāsa – archer, bowman
  noun (masculine)

महाद्युतिः (mahādyutiḥ) - Epithet for Arjuna. (of great splendor, very radiant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahādyuti

mahādyuti - of great splendor, very radiant, illustrious

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+dyuti)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
• dyuti – light, splendor, radiance
  noun (feminine)