महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-211, verse-30

दर्शं च पौर्णमासं च यस्य तिष्ठेत्प्रतिष्ठितम् ।
इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कार्या पथिकृतेऽग्नये ॥३०॥

30. darśaṁ ca paurṇamāsaṁ ca yasya tiṣṭhetpratiṣṭhitam ,
iṣṭiraṣṭākapālena kāryā pathikṛte'gnaye.

30. darśam ca paurṇamāsam ca yasya tiṣṭhet pratiṣṭhitam
| iṣṭiḥ aṣṭākapālena kāryā pathikṛte agnaye

30. If someone's new moon and full moon sacrifices remain unperformed or not properly established, then an offering with eight potsherds should be performed for Agni Pathikṛt (the path-maker fire).

Words meanings summery:

• दर्शम् (darśam) - the new moon sacrifice (darśeṣṭi) (new moon, sight, seeing)

• च (ca) - and, also

• पौर्णमासम् (paurṇamāsam) - the full moon sacrifice (paurṇamāseṣṭi) (full moon (day), relating to the full moon)

• च (ca) - and, also

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

• तिष्ठेत् (tiṣṭhet) - should remain unperformed or not properly maintained (should stand, should remain, should exist)

• प्रतिष्ठितम् (pratiṣṭhitam) - not properly established or performed (in a context implying negligence) (established, consecrated, fixed, performed)

• इष्टिः (iṣṭiḥ) - a Vedic sacrifice or oblation (sacrifice, offering, desire)

• अष्टाकपालेन (aṣṭākapālena) - by means of an oblation (e.g., puroḍāśa) prepared on eight potsherds (by means of eight potsherds)

• कार्या (kāryā) - should be done, ought to be performed

• पथिकृते (pathikṛte) - for the deity Agni Pathikṛt, who establishes or clears the path for sacrifices (for the path-maker, for the creator of the path)

• अग्नये (agnaye) - for fire, for Agni

Words meanings and morphology

दर्शम् (darśam) - the new moon sacrifice (darśeṣṭi) (new moon, sight, seeing)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of darśa

darśa - new moon day, sight, appearance

Root: dṛś (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पौर्णमासम् (paurṇamāsam) - the full moon sacrifice (paurṇamāseṣṭi) (full moon (day), relating to the full moon)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paurṇamāsa

paurṇamāsa - full moon, relating to the full moon

Derived from pūrṇamāsī (full moon day) with an affix indicating 'related to'

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who

Note: Relative pronoun.

तिष्ठेत् (tiṣṭhet) - should remain unperformed or not properly maintained (should stand, should remain, should exist)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of sthā

Optative mood, Parasmaipada

Root √sthā, 1st class (tiṣṭhati), Optative, 3rd person singular

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Implies 'remain undone' or 'remain neglected' when combined with 'pratiṣṭhitam'.

प्रतिष्ठितम् (pratiṣṭhitam) - not properly established or performed (in a context implying negligence) (established, consecrated, fixed, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratiṣṭhita

pratiṣṭhita - established, consecrated, fixed, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √sthā 'to stand' with prefix 'prati' and suffix 'kta' (ta)

Prefix: prati

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'darśam' and 'paurṇamāsam' implicitly as a dual or compound entity.

इष्टिः (iṣṭiḥ) - a Vedic sacrifice or oblation (sacrifice, offering, desire)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of iṣṭi

iṣṭi - a sacrifice, an offering, desire

From root √yaj 'to sacrifice', with kti suffix, related to 'iṣṭa'

Root: yaj (class 1)

अष्टाकपालेन (aṣṭākapālena) - by means of an oblation (e.g., puroḍāśa) prepared on eight potsherds (by means of eight potsherds)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aṣṭākapāla

aṣṭākapāla - consisting of eight potsherds, made with eight potsherds

Compound of 'aṣṭan' (eight) and 'kapāla' (potsherd)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aṣṭan+kapāla)

• aṣṭan – eight
  numeral
• kapāla – potsherd, skull, bowl
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies an implied masculine noun like 'puroḍāśena' (by a cake).

कार्या (kāryā) - should be done, ought to be performed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, to be performed, duty

Gerundive

From root √kṛ 'to do', with suffix '-ya' (ṇyat/ṇya).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with `iṣṭiḥ`.

पथिकृते (pathikṛte) - for the deity Agni Pathikṛt, who establishes or clears the path for sacrifices (for the path-maker, for the creator of the path)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of pathikṛt

pathikṛt - path-maker, guide, creator of the path

Compound of 'pathin' (path) and 'kṛt' (maker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pathin+kṛt)

• pathin – path, road, way
  noun (masculine)
• kṛt – maker, doer, creator
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root √kṛ 'to do', with suffix '-tṛ' (changed to -kṛt)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

अग्नये (agnaye) - for fire, for Agni

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, the fire deity Agni