महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-199, verse-34

वक्तुं बहुविधं शक्यं धर्माधर्मेषु कर्मसु ।
स्वकर्मनिरतो यो हि स यशः प्राप्नुयान्महत् ॥३४॥

34. vaktuṁ bahuvidhaṁ śakyaṁ dharmādharmeṣu karmasu ,
svakarmanirato yo hi sa yaśaḥ prāpnuyānmahat.

34. vaktum bahuvidham śakyam dharmādharmeṣu karmasu
svakarmanirataḥ yaḥ hi saḥ yaśaḥ prāpnuyāt mahat

34. It is possible to speak in many ways about actions (karma) concerning righteousness (dharma) and unrighteousness (adharma). But indeed, whoever is steadfast in their own duties (karma) will attain great renown.

Words meanings summery:

• वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to say, to explain

• बहुविधम् (bahuvidham) - in many ways, manifold, various

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable, feasible

• धर्माधर्मेषु (dharmādharmeṣu) - in righteousness and unrighteousness, concerning dharma and adharma

• कर्मसु (karmasu) - in actions, in duties, concerning karma

• स्वकर्मनिरतः (svakarmanirataḥ) - devoted to one's own duty/action

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame, glory, renown, splendor

• प्राप्नुयात् (prāpnuyāt) - may obtain, should obtain, would obtain

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, extensive, important

Words meanings and morphology

वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to say, to explain

(verb)

Infinitive

Root: vac (class 2)

बहुविधम् (bahuvidham) - in many ways, manifold, various

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bahuvidha

bahuvidha - manifold, various, of many kinds

Used here as an adverbial accusative.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+vidha)

• bahu – much, many, abundant
  adjective
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (neuter)

शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable, feasible

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, feasible

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Root: śak (class 5)

धर्माधर्मेषु (dharmādharmeṣu) - in righteousness and unrighteousness, concerning dharma and adharma

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of dharmādharma

dharmādharma - righteousness and unrighteousness (dharma-adharma)

Compound type : dvandva (dharma+adharma)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law (dharma), virtue
  noun (masculine)
• adharma – unrighteousness (adharma), injustice, vice
  noun (masculine)

कर्मसु (karmasu) - in actions, in duties, concerning karma

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of karman

karman - action, deed, duty, fate (karma), work

स्वकर्मनिरतः (svakarmanirataḥ) - devoted to one's own duty/action

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svakarmanirata

svakarmanirata - devoted to one's own duty/action (karma)

Compound of 'sva-karman' and 'nirata'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+karman+nirata)

• sva – one's own, self
  adjective
• karman – action, deed, duty, fate (karma), work
  noun (neuter)
• nirata – engaged in, devoted to, absorbed in
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix: ni
  Root: ram

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - he, she, it, that (demonstrative pronoun)

यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame, glory, renown, splendor

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, renown, splendor

प्राप्नुयात् (prāpnuyāt) - may obtain, should obtain, would obtain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of prāp

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

महत् (mahat) - great, large, extensive, important

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, important

Note: Agrees with yaśaḥ.