महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-122, verse-4

तथा स संवृतो धीमान्मृत्पिण्ड इव सर्वशः ।
तप्यति स्म तपो राजन्वल्मीकेन समावृतः ॥४॥

4. tathā sa saṁvṛto dhīmānmṛtpiṇḍa iva sarvaśaḥ ,
tapyati sma tapo rājanvalmīkena samāvṛtaḥ.

4. tathā saḥ saṃvṛtaḥ dhīmān mṛtpiṇḍaḥ iva sarvaśaḥ
tapyati sma tapaḥ rājan valmīkena samāvṛtaḥ

4. Thus, that intelligent one, covered entirely like a lump of clay, performed his austerity (tapas), O king, enveloped by the anthill.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

• सः (saḥ) - he

• संवृतः (saṁvṛtaḥ) - covered, enveloped

• धीमान् (dhīmān) - intelligent, wise, sagacious

• मृत्पिण्डः (mṛtpiṇḍaḥ) - lump of clay, clod of earth

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely, wholly, in every way

• तप्यति (tapyati) - performs austerity, practices penance, burns

• स्म (sma) - (turns present tense into past)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, heat

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• वल्मीकेन (valmīkena) - by the anthill, by the termite mound

• समावृतः (samāvṛtaḥ) - covered, enveloped, completely surrounded

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

संवृतः (saṁvṛtaḥ) - covered, enveloped

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, enveloped, hidden

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root `vṛ` (to cover, enclose) with prefix `sam-` (together, thoroughly).

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

धीमान् (dhīmān) - intelligent, wise, sagacious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, sagacious, clever

मृत्पिण्डः (mṛtpiṇḍaḥ) - lump of clay, clod of earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtpiṇḍa

mṛtpiṇḍa - lump of clay, clod of earth

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (mṛd+piṇḍa)

• mṛd – earth, clay
  noun (feminine)
• piṇḍa – lump, ball, mass
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely, wholly, in every way

(indeclinable)

तप्यति (tapyati) - performs austerity, practices penance, burns

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tap

Root: tap (class 4)

स्म (sma) - (turns present tense into past)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with a present tense verb to denote a past action.

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, heat

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual fervor, heat

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

वल्मीकेन (valmīkena) - by the anthill, by the termite mound

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of valmīka

valmīka - termite mound, anthill

समावृतः (samāvṛtaḥ) - covered, enveloped, completely surrounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāvṛta

samāvṛta - covered, enveloped, completely surrounded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root `vṛ` (to cover, enclose) with prefixes `sam-` (together) and `ā-` (towards, completely).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)