महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-122, verse-15

तपोनित्यस्य वृद्धस्य रोषणस्य विशेषतः ।
केनापकृतमद्येह भार्गवस्य महात्मनः ।
ज्ञातं वा यदि वाज्ञातं तदृतं ब्रूत माचिरम् ॥१५॥

15. taponityasya vṛddhasya roṣaṇasya viśeṣataḥ ,
kenāpakṛtamadyeha bhārgavasya mahātmanaḥ ,
jñātaṁ vā yadi vājñātaṁ tadṛtaṁ brūta māciram.

15. taponityasya vṛddhasya roṣaṇasya
viśeṣataḥ kena apakṛtam adya iha
bhārgavasya mahātmanaḥ jñātam vā yadi
vā ajñātam tat ṛtam brūta mā ciram

15. By whom has a wrong been done here today to the great-souled Bhargava, who is aged, always engaged in asceticism (tapas), and especially prone to anger? Whether it is known or unknown, speak that truth without delay.

Words meanings summery:

• तपोनित्यस्य (taponityasya) - of one who is always practicing asceticism, of one whose intrinsic nature is asceticism

• वृद्धस्य (vṛddhasya) - of the old one, of the grown one

• रोषणस्य (roṣaṇasya) - of the angry one, of the wrathful one

• विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, in particular

• केन (kena) - by whom

• अपकृतम् (apakṛtam) - a wrong done, an injury, a harm

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• भार्गवस्य (bhārgavasya) - of Bhargava

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled, of the noble-minded

• ज्ञातम् (jñātam) - known, understood

• वा (vā) - or

• यदि (yadi) - if

• वा (vā) - or

• अज्ञातम् (ajñātam) - unknown, not known

• तत् (tat) - that

• ऋतम् (ṛtam) - truth, cosmic order

• ब्रूत (brūta) - speak, tell

• मा (mā) - do not, not

• चिरम् (ciram) - long, for a long time, delay

Words meanings and morphology

तपोनित्यस्य (taponityasya) - of one who is always practicing asceticism, of one whose intrinsic nature is asceticism

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of taponitya

taponitya - constantly practicing asceticism (tapas), devoted to asceticism (tapas)

Compound type : tatpurusha (tapas+nitya)

• tapas – heat, asceticism (tapas), penance, spiritual effort
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• nitya – constant, eternal, always, perpetual
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to Bhargava.

वृद्धस्य (vṛddhasya) - of the old one, of the grown one

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, augmented

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛdh (to grow, increase).

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Refers to Bhargava.

रोषणस्य (roṣaṇasya) - of the angry one, of the wrathful one

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of roṣaṇa

roṣaṇa - wrathful, passionate, angry

Derived from roṣa (anger).

Root: ruṣ (class 4)

Note: Refers to Bhargava.

विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, in particular

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix -tas from viśeṣa.

केन (kena) - by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

Interrogative pronoun.

अपकृतम् (apakṛtam) - a wrong done, an injury, a harm

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of apakṛta

apakṛta - wronged, injured, harmed; a wrong, injury

Past Passive Participle

From prefix "apa-" and root "kṛ" (to do).

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used here as a noun, meaning 'a wrong/injury'.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

भार्गवस्य (bhārgavasya) - of Bhargava

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhārgava

bhārgava - descendant of Bhṛgu, son of Bhṛgu

Patronymic.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled, of the noble-minded

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, exalted, a great person

Compound of mahā (great) + ātman (soul, self).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul (ātman), spirit, individual consciousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Refers to Bhargava.

ज्ञातम् (jñātam) - known, understood

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāta

jñāta - known, perceived, understood

Past Passive Participle

From root jñā (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Acts as predicate.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

Conditional particle.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अज्ञातम् (ajñātam) - unknown, not known

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ajñāta

ajñāta - unknown, not known, unrecognized

Past Passive Participle

Negative prefix 'a-' + root jñā (to know).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• jñāta – known, perceived, understood
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

ऋतम् (ṛtam) - truth, cosmic order

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ṛta

ṛta - truth, divine law, cosmic order, right

Past Passive Participle

From root ṛ (to go, to arise).

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'brūta'.

ब्रूत (brūta) - speak, tell

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Refers to "you (plural)" implying soldiers/attendants.

मा (mā) - do not, not

(indeclinable)

Particle used for prohibition.

चिरम् (ciram) - long, for a long time, delay

(indeclinable)

Often used as adverb.

Note: Used adverbially with 'mā' to mean "without delay".