महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-122, verse-14

ततो रुद्धे शकृन्मूत्रे सैन्यमानाहदुःखितम् ।
तथागतमभिप्रेक्ष्य पर्यपृच्छत्स पार्थिवः ॥१४॥

14. tato ruddhe śakṛnmūtre sainyamānāhaduḥkhitam ,
tathāgatamabhiprekṣya paryapṛcchatsa pārthivaḥ.

14. tataḥ ruddhe śakṛnmūtre sainyam ānāhaduḥkhitam |
tathāgatam abhiprekṣya paryapṛcchat sa pārthivaḥ

14. Then, as their feces and urine became obstructed, the army was afflicted with severe abdominal distress. The king (pārthivaḥ), observing them in such a state, inquired.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• रुद्धे (ruddhe) - (feces and urine) being obstructed (obstructed, stopped, blocked)

• शकृन्मूत्रे (śakṛnmūtre) - (their) feces and urine (feces and urine)

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - the army (of Sharyati) (army, host)

• आनाहदुःखितम् (ānāhaduḥkhitam) - the army, afflicted with severe abdominal distress (distressed by internal obstruction/constipation)

• तथागतम् (tathāgatam) - (the army) having fallen into such a state (in that state, having become so)

• अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - observing (the army) (having seen, observing, having perceived)

• पर्यपृच्छत् (paryapṛcchat) - he (the king) inquired (he asked, he inquired)

• स (sa) - he (the king) (he, that)

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - the king (Sharyati) (king, ruler, earthly)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

रुद्धे (ruddhe) - (feces and urine) being obstructed (obstructed, stopped, blocked)

(participle)

Locative, neuter, dual of ruddha

rudh - to obstruct, to stop, to hinder

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root rudh with suffix -ta (irregularly 'ruddha').

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction.

शकृन्मूत्रे (śakṛnmūtre) - (their) feces and urine (feces and urine)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, dual of śakṛnmūtra

śakṛnmūtra - feces and urine

Dvandva compound.

Compound type : dvandva (śakṛt+mūtra)

• śakṛt – feces, excrement
  noun (neuter)
• mūtra – urine
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - the army (of Sharyati) (army, host)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military

Note: Subject of being distressed.

आनाहदुःखितम् (ānāhaduḥkhitam) - the army, afflicted with severe abdominal distress (distressed by internal obstruction/constipation)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ānāhaduḥkhita

ānāhaduḥkhita - pained by obstruction, suffering from constipation

Past Passive Participle

Compound with 'duḥkhita' (pained, distressed) as PPP of 'duḥkh' with 'ānāha' (obstruction, constipation).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ānāha+duḥkhita)

• ānāha – constipation, obstruction (of bowels)
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: nah (class 4)
• duḥkhita – pained, distressed, suffering
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root duḥkh (to suffer) with suffix -ita.
  Root: duḥkh (class 1)

Note: Describes the army.

तथागतम् (tathāgatam) - (the army) having fallen into such a state (in that state, having become so)

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tathāgata

tathāgata - gone thus, in such a state, like that

Past Passive Participle

Compound 'tathā' (thus) + 'gata' (gone/become, PPP of gam).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tathā+gata)

• tathā – thus, so, in that manner
  indeclinable
• gata – gone, arrived, passed, become
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go, move) with suffix -ta.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Describes the army.

अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - observing (the army) (having seen, observing, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root īkṣ (to see) with prefixes abhi-pra and suffix -ya.

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

पर्यपृच्छत् (paryapṛcchat) - he (the king) inquired (he asked, he inquired)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pṛcch

Imperfect tense

Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, Imperfect tense, from class 6 root with prefix pari-.

Prefix: pari

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: The root is actually 'prach' (Pr. Stem 'pṛcch').

स (sa) - he (the king) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to King Sharyati.

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - the king (Sharyati) (king, ruler, earthly)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler, earthly, relating to the earth

Derived from 'pṛthivī' (earth).

Note: Refers to King Sharyati.