महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-114, verse-4

लोमश उवाच ।
एते कलिङ्गाः कौन्तेय यत्र वैतरणी नदी ।
यत्रायजत धर्मोऽपि देवाञ्शरणमेत्य वै ॥४॥

4. lomaśa uvāca ,
ete kaliṅgāḥ kaunteya yatra vaitaraṇī nadī ,
yatrāyajata dharmo'pi devāñśaraṇametya vai.

4. lomaśa uvāca ete kaliṅgāḥ kaunteya yatra vaitaraṇī
nadī yatra ayajata dharmaḥ api devān śaraṇam etya vai

4. Lomaśa said: O son of Kuntī (Kaunteya), these are the Kalingas, where the river Vaitaraṇī flows. It is also where Dharma himself (dharma), having taken refuge with the gods, performed sacrifices.

Words meanings summery:

• लोमश (lomaśa) - The sage Lomaśa (Lomaśa)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एते (ete) - these

• कलिङ्गाः (kaliṅgāḥ) - The Kalinga country or its people (Kalingas (people or country))

• कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Arjuna, son of Kuntī (O son of Kuntī)

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• वैतरणी (vaitaraṇī) - The river Vaitaraṇī, known in mythology as a river in the underworld (Vaitaraṇī (river))

• नदी (nadī) - river

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• अयजत (ayajata) - he sacrificed, he worshipped

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - The deity or personification of Dharma (Dharma, natural law, righteousness)

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• देवान् (devān) - gods

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter

• एत्य (etya) - having gone, having approached

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely

Words meanings and morphology

लोमश (lomaśa) - The sage Lomaśa (Lomaśa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lomaśa

lomaśa - name of a sage, hairy, shaggy

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root verb 'vac', conjugated in the perfect tense (Lit).

Root: vac (class 2)

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

कलिङ्गाः (kaliṅgāḥ) - The Kalinga country or its people (Kalingas (people or country))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kaliṅga

kaliṅga - name of a country and its people in ancient India

कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Arjuna, son of Kuntī (O son of Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī (e.g., Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma)

Patronymic derivation from Kuntī.

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

वैतरणी (vaitaraṇī) - The river Vaitaraṇī, known in mythology as a river in the underworld (Vaitaraṇī (river))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vaitaraṇī

vaitaraṇī - name of a sacred river, especially one associated with the underworld

नदी (nadī) - river

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river, stream

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

अयजत (ayajata) - he sacrificed, he worshipped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (luṅ) of yaj

Root verb 'yaj', conjugated in the imperfect tense (Luṅ) in middle voice.

Root: yaj (class 1)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - The deity or personification of Dharma (Dharma, natural law, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, religion

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

देवान् (devān) - gods

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, shelter, protection, house, asylum

Root: śṝ (class 9)

एत्य (etya) - having gone, having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'i' (to go) with upasarga 'ā'. The 'ā' merges with 'i' to become 'e' before the -tya suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: i (class 2)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)