महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-114, verse-20

न मां मर्त्याय भगवन्कस्मैचिद्दातुमर्हसि ।
प्रदानं मोघमेतत्ते यास्याम्येषा रसातलम् ॥२०॥

20. na māṁ martyāya bhagavankasmaiciddātumarhasi ,
pradānaṁ moghametatte yāsyāmyeṣā rasātalam.

20. na mām martyāya bhagavan kasmaicit dātum arhasi
pradānam mogham etat te yāsyāmi eṣā rasātalam

20. O revered one, you should not give me to any mortal whatsoever. This gift of yours would be futile. I myself will go to the netherworld (Rasātala).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• माम् (mām) - me

• मर्त्याय (martyāya) - to a mortal, for a mortal

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one, O divine one, O Lord

• कस्मैचित् (kasmaicit) - to anyone, to someone

• दातुम् (dātum) - to give

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

• प्रदानम् (pradānam) - giving, gift, offering

• मोघम् (mogham) - useless, vain, futile, fruitless

• एतत् (etat) - this

• ते (te) - your, by you, to you

• यास्यामि (yāsyāmi) - I will go

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• रसातलम् (rasātalam) - to the netherworld (Rasātala)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

मर्त्याय (martyāya) - to a mortal, for a mortal

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of martya

martya - mortal, human being, earthly

Derived from root 'mṛ' (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 1)

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one, O divine one, O Lord

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - revered, fortunate, glorious, divine, holy

Possessive adjective from 'bhaga' (fortune, prosperity)

Note: The word `bhagavan` here is a vocative, addressing a revered entity, likely a sage or deity.

कस्मैचित् (kasmaicit) - to anyone, to someone

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of kaścit

kaścit - someone, anyone, a certain one

Compound of 'ka' (who) + 'cit' (particle)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ka+cit)

• ka – who, what
  pronoun (masculine)
• cit – a certain, some, even
  indeclinable
  An emphatic particle

Note: The base form is `kaścit`. Here it is declined in the dative singular masculine as `kasmaicit`.

दातुम् (dātum) - to give

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of the verb 'dā' (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

present active

Present tense, 2nd person singular, active voice

Root: arh (class 1)

प्रदानम् (pradānam) - giving, gift, offering

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pradāna

pradāna - giving, granting, offering, gift

Action noun from 'pra' + 'dā'

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Can also be accusative singular. Here, it functions as the subject of 'is useless'.

मोघम् (mogham) - useless, vain, futile, fruitless

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mogha

mogha - vain, useless, futile, fruitless

Note: Agrees with `pradānam`.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Agrees with `pradānam`.

ते (te) - your, by you, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural or singular honorific)

Note: Enclitic form for genitive singular 'your'.

यास्यामि (yāsyāmi) - I will go

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of yā

future active

Future tense, 1st person singular, active voice

Root: yā (class 2)

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the speaker, the Earth (Pṛthivī).

रसातलम् (rasātalam) - to the netherworld (Rasātala)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rasātala

rasātala - one of the seven lower worlds or netherworlds, the lowest region

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rasa+tala)

• rasa – fluid, juice, essence, taste, sentiment
  noun (masculine)
• tala – surface, plane, bottom, base, lower region
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates destination.