महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-114, verse-21

विषीदन्तीं तु तां दृष्ट्वा कश्यपो भगवानृषिः ।
प्रसादयां बभूवाथ ततो भूमिं विशां पते ॥२१॥

21. viṣīdantīṁ tu tāṁ dṛṣṭvā kaśyapo bhagavānṛṣiḥ ,
prasādayāṁ babhūvātha tato bhūmiṁ viśāṁ pate.

21. viṣīdantīm tu tām dṛṣṭvā kaśyapaḥ bhagavān ṛṣiḥ
prasādayām babhūva atha tataḥ bhūmim viśām pate

21. But, having seen her distressed, the revered sage Kaśyapa then propitiated the Earth (Bhūmi), O lord of the people.

Words meanings summery:

• विषीदन्तीम् (viṣīdantīm) - distressed, sorrowing, despairing

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• ताम् (tām) - Refers to the Earth. (her, that (feminine))

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• कश्यपः (kaśyapaḥ) - Refers to the famous Vedic sage, Kaśyapa. (Kaśyapa)

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - revered, glorious, divine

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage, seer

• प्रसादयाम् (prasādayām) - appeased, propitiated

• बभूव (babhūva) - In conjunction with `prasādayām`, means 'he appeased'. (he became, he was)

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, then, from that

• भूमिम् (bhūmim) - The planet Earth, personified as a goddess. (the Earth, ground, land)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects, of the inhabitants

• पते (pate) - O lord (of the people) (O lord, O master, O protector)

Words meanings and morphology

विषीदन्तीम् (viṣīdantīm) - distressed, sorrowing, despairing

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of viṣīdant

viṣīdant - despairing, sorrowing, distressed

present active participle

Present active participle of 'vi-sad' (to sink down, to despair)

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Refers to the Earth (Bhūmi).

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - Refers to the Earth. (her, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form of the verb 'dṛś' (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कश्यपः (kaśyapaḥ) - Refers to the famous Vedic sage, Kaśyapa. (Kaśyapa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaśyapa

kaśyapa - name of a celebrated Vedic sage, one of the seven great ṛṣis

भगवान् (bhagavān) - revered, glorious, divine

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - revered, fortunate, glorious, divine, holy

Nominative singular masculine form of 'bhagavat'

Note: Agrees with `kaśyapaḥ`.

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage, seer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - a seer, an inspired poet or sage, a Vedic sage

Note: Agrees with `kaśyapaḥ`.

प्रसादयाम् (prasādayām) - appeased, propitiated

(indeclinable)

periphrastic perfect auxiliary

Part of a periphrastic perfect construction `prasādayām babhūva` (he appeased). `prasādayām` is formed from the causative stem `prasādaya`.

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

बभूव (babhūva) - In conjunction with `prasādayām`, means 'he appeased'. (he became, he was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

perfect active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: bhū (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, then, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Acts as an intensifier or a further sequential marker.

भूमिम् (bhūmim) - The planet Earth, personified as a goddess. (the Earth, ground, land)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

Note: Object of `prasādayām babhūva`.

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects, of the inhabitants

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, inhabitants, subjects, a community

Note: Forms a compound-like relationship with `pate` (lord of the people).

पते (pate) - O lord (of the people) (O lord, O master, O protector)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, protector

Note: Addressed to the listener (likely Janamejaya or Dhṛtarāṣṭra).