महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-114, verse-22

ततः प्रसन्ना पृथिवी तपसा तस्य पाण्डव ।
पुनरुन्मज्ज्य सलिलाद्वेदीरूपा स्थिता बभौ ॥२२॥

22. tataḥ prasannā pṛthivī tapasā tasya pāṇḍava ,
punarunmajjya salilādvedīrūpā sthitā babhau.

22. tataḥ prasannā pṛthivī tapasā tasya pāṇḍava
punaḥ unmajya salilāt vedīrūpā sthitā babhau

22. Then, O Pāṇḍava, the Earth (Pṛthivī) was pleased by his penance (tapas). Having emerged again from the waters, she appeared shining in the form of an altar (vedī).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• प्रसन्ना (prasannā) - pleased, gracious, serene, clear

• पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - The planet Earth, personified as a goddess. (Earth, the world)

• तपसा (tapasā) - by penance, by austerity, by spiritual fervor

• तस्य (tasya) - Refers to Kaśyapa. (his, of him, its)

• पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O descendant of Pāṇḍu, O Pāṇḍava

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, once more

• उन्मज्य (unmajya) - having emerged, having come up

• सलिलात् (salilāt) - from the water, from the waters

• वेदीरूपा (vedīrūpā) - in the form of an altar

• स्थिता (sthitā) - stood, situated, remained

• बभौ (babhau) - she shone, she appeared, she was resplendent

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

प्रसन्ना (prasannā) - pleased, gracious, serene, clear

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prasanna

prasanna - pleased, gracious, serene, clear, propitiated

past passive participle

Past passive participle of 'pra-sad' (to become clear, to be pleased)

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `pṛthivī`.

पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - The planet Earth, personified as a goddess. (Earth, the world)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - the Earth, ground, land

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तपसा (tapasā) - by penance, by austerity, by spiritual fervor

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, warmth, pain, austerity, penance, spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means by which the Earth was pleased.

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to Kaśyapa. (his, of him, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to Kaśyapa, whose penance pleased the Earth.

पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O descendant of Pāṇḍu, O Pāṇḍava

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

Patronymic derived from Pāṇḍu

Note: The speaker is addressing a Pāṇḍava.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, once more

(indeclinable)

Note: This is the form `punar` due to sandhi before a vowel. The base is `punas`.

उन्मज्य (unmajya) - having emerged, having come up

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form of 'ut-maj' (to emerge). Here, the 't' of 'ut' assimilates to 'n' before 'maj'.

Prefix: ut

Root: maj (class 6)

सलिलात् (salilāt) - from the water, from the waters

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of salila

salila - water, ocean

Note: Indicates the source from which the Earth emerged.

वेदीरूपा (vedīrūpā) - in the form of an altar

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vedīrūpa

vedīrūpa - having the form of an altar, in the shape of a sacrificial altar

Compound noun used as an adjective, 'vedī' (altar) + 'rūpa' (form)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vedī+rūpa)

• vedī – an altar, a sacrificial ground
  noun (feminine)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, beauty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `pṛthivī` and `sthitā`.

स्थिता (sthitā) - stood, situated, remained

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, firm, existing

past passive participle

Past passive participle of 'sthā' (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `pṛthivī`.

बभौ (babhau) - she shone, she appeared, she was resplendent

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhā

perfect active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Refers to `pṛthivī`.