महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-49, verse-3

दक्षिणार्थं समानीता राजभिः कांस्यदोहनाः ।
आरण्या बहुसाहस्रा अपश्यं तत्र तत्र गाः ॥३॥

3. dakṣiṇārthaṁ samānītā rājabhiḥ kāṁsyadohanāḥ ,
āraṇyā bahusāhasrā apaśyaṁ tatra tatra gāḥ.

3. dakṣiṇārtham samānītāḥ rājabhiḥ kāṃsyadohanāḥ
āraṇyāḥ bahusāhasrāḥ apaśyam tatra tatra gāḥ

3. I saw thousands of wild cows (gāḥ), whose milk was collected in bronze vessels, brought by kings here and there for the purpose of sacrificial fees (dakṣiṇā).

Words meanings summery:

• दक्षिणार्थम् (dakṣiṇārtham) - for the purpose of sacrificial fees/gifts

• समानीताः (samānītāḥ) - brought, assembled

• राजभिः (rājabhiḥ) - by kings

• कांस्यदोहनाः (kāṁsyadohanāḥ) - whose milk is drawn in bronze vessels

• आरण्याः (āraṇyāḥ) - wild, forest-dwelling

• बहुसाहस्राः (bahusāhasrāḥ) - numbering many thousands, thousands of

• अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw

• तत्र (tatra) - here and there, in various places (due to repetition) (there, then)

• तत्र (tatra) - here and there, in various places (due to repetition) (there, then)

• गाः (gāḥ) - cows

Words meanings and morphology

दक्षिणार्थम् (dakṣiṇārtham) - for the purpose of sacrificial fees/gifts

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dakṣiṇā+artha)

• dakṣiṇā – sacrificial fee, gift
  noun (feminine)
• artha – purpose, sake, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine/neuter)

समानीताः (samānītāḥ) - brought, assembled

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of samānīta

samānīta - brought together, collected, assembled

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root nī with upasargas sam and ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: nī (class 1)

राजभिः (rājabhiḥ) - by kings

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

कांस्यदोहनाः (kāṁsyadohanāḥ) - whose milk is drawn in bronze vessels

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kāṃsyadohanā

kāṁsyadohanā - milked into bronze vessels

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāṃsya+dohana)

• kāṃsya – bronze, made of bronze
  noun (neuter)
• dohana – milking, the act of milking
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun from root duh
  Root: duh (class 2)

आरण्याः (āraṇyāḥ) - wild, forest-dwelling

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of āraṇya

āraṇya - wild, forest-born, forest-dwelling

बहुसाहस्राः (bahusāhasrāḥ) - numbering many thousands, thousands of

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of bahusāhasra

bahusāhasra - consisting of many thousands

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+sāhasra)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• sāhasra – consisting of a thousand, thousandfold
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)

अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paś

paś- is a substitute for dṛś- in certain tenses/moods

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - here and there, in various places (due to repetition) (there, then)

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition 'tatra tatra' implies 'here and there' or 'in various places'.

तत्र (tatra) - here and there, in various places (due to repetition) (there, then)

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition 'tatra tatra' implies 'here and there' or 'in various places'.

गाः (gāḥ) - cows

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, bull, earth, ray of light