महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-49, verse-18

प्रणता भूमिपाश्चापि पेतुर्हीनाः स्वतेजसा ।
धृष्टद्युम्नः पाण्डवाश्च सात्यकिः केशवोऽष्टमः ॥१८॥

18. praṇatā bhūmipāścāpi peturhīnāḥ svatejasā ,
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ pāṇḍavāśca sātyakiḥ keśavo'ṣṭamaḥ.

18. praṇatāḥ bhūmipāḥ ca api petuḥ hīnāḥ svatejasā
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ pāṇḍavāḥ ca sātyakiḥ keśavaḥ aṣṭamaḥ

18. Even the prostrate kings fell, deprived of their own radiance. Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the Pāṇḍavas, Sātyaki, and Keśava (Krishna), the eighth, were present.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रणताः (praṇatāḥ) - bowed down, prostrate, humble

• भूमिपाः (bhūmipāḥ) - kings, rulers, protectors of the earth

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

• हीनाः (hīnāḥ) - deprived of, devoid of, left

• स्वतेजसा (svatejasā) - by their own splendor/radiance/power

• धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki

• केशवः (keśavaḥ) - Keśava (Krishna)

• अष्टमः (aṣṭamaḥ) - the eighth

Words meanings and morphology

प्रणताः (praṇatāḥ) - bowed down, prostrate, humble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of praṇata

praṇata - bowed, bent, humble, prostrated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √nam (to bend, bow) with the prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

भूमिपाः (bhūmipāḥ) - kings, rulers, protectors of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhūmipā

bhūmipā - king, ruler, protector of the earth

Compound of bhūmi (earth) and pā (protector).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+pā)

• bhūmi – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• pā – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root √pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of pat

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

Form of the root √pat.

Root: pat (class 1)

हीनाः (hīnāḥ) - deprived of, devoid of, left

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hīna

hīna - deficient, devoid of, left, abandoned, inferior

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √hā (to abandon, quit, forsake).

Root: hā (class 3)

स्वतेजसा (svatejasā) - by their own splendor/radiance/power

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of svatejas

svatejas - one's own splendor, one's own power, one's own energy

Compound of sva (own) and tejas (splendor, power).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+tejas)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun (masculine)
• tejas – splendor, radiance, energy, power, spiritual power
  noun (neuter)

धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (name of a Pāñcāla prince, commander-in-chief of the Pāṇḍava army, and brother of Draupadī)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu; a Pāṇḍava

Derived from Pāṇḍu.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - Sātyaki (name of a Yādava hero, Kṛṣṇa's charioteer and a brave warrior)

केशवः (keśavaḥ) - Keśava (Krishna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava (an epithet of Viṣṇu or Kṛṣṇa, meaning 'having beautiful hair' or 'slayer of the demon Keśī')

अष्टमः (aṣṭamaḥ) - the eighth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṣṭama

aṣṭama - eighth

Ordinal numeral from aṣṭan (eight).