महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-23, verse-13

पूर्वं कुणिन्दविषये वशे चक्रे महीपतीन् ।
धनंजयो महाबाहुर्नातितीव्रेण कर्मणा ॥१३॥

13. pūrvaṁ kuṇindaviṣaye vaśe cakre mahīpatīn ,
dhanaṁjayo mahābāhurnātitīvreṇa karmaṇā.

13. pūrvam kuṇindaviṣaye vaśe cakre mahīpatīn
dhanañjayaḥ mahābāhuḥ na atitīvreṇa karmaṇā

13. Formerly, in the region of Kuṇinda, the mighty-armed Dhanañjaya brought kings under his control through actions (karma) that were not exceedingly harsh.

Words meanings summery:

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously

• कुणिन्दविषये (kuṇindaviṣaye) - in the region of the Kuṇindas

• वशे (vaśe) - under control, in power

• चक्रे (cakre) - he made, he did, he accomplished

• महीपतीन् (mahīpatīn) - kings, lords of the earth

• धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed, great-armed

• न (na) - not, no

• अतितीव्रेण (atitīvreṇa) - not exceedingly harsh, not very severe

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action (karma), by deed

Words meanings and morphology

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially as 'formerly'.

कुणिन्दविषये (kuṇindaviṣaye) - in the region of the Kuṇindas

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kuṇindaviṣaya

kuṇindaviṣaya - region of the Kuṇindas (a people/country)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kuṇinda+viṣaya)

• kuṇinda – Kuṇinda (name of a people/country in the Himalayas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• viṣaya – region, country, domain, object of sense
  noun (masculine)

वशे (vaśe) - under control, in power

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - control, power, will

Note: Used adverbially in the sense 'under one's power'.

चक्रे (cakre) - he made, he did, he accomplished

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of kṛ

Perfect Middle

From root kṛ (to do), perfect tense, 3rd person singular, Ātmanepada

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with 'vaśe' to mean 'brought under control'.

महीपतीन् (mahīpatīn) - kings, lords of the earth

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, ruler, lord of the earth

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - Dhanañjaya (name of Arjuna); one who conquers wealth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed, great-armed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - one with mighty arms, a powerful person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for strong warriors like Arjuna.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negating particle.

अतितीव्रेण (atitīvreṇa) - not exceedingly harsh, not very severe

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of atitīvra

atitīvra - exceedingly harsh, very severe

Compound of ati (over, very) and tīvra (sharp, intense)

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (ati+tīvra)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively
  indeclinable
• tīvra – sharp, intense, fierce, severe
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'karmaṇā'.

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action (karma), by deed

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual action

From root kṛ (to do) + -man suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the actions or methods used for conquest.