महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-16, chapter-5, verse-5

स प्रस्थितः केशवेनानुशिष्टो मदातुरो ज्ञातिवधार्दितश्च ।
तं वै यान्तं संनिधौ केशवस्य त्वरन्तमेकं सहसैव बभ्रुम् ।
ब्रह्मानुशप्तमवधीन्महद्वै कूटोन्मुक्तं मुसलं लुब्धकस्य ॥५॥

5. sa prasthitaḥ keśavenānuśiṣṭo; madāturo jñātivadhārditaśca ,
taṁ vai yāntaṁ saṁnidhau keśavasya; tvarantamekaṁ sahasaiva babhrum ,
brahmānuśaptamavadhīnmahadvai; kūṭonmuktaṁ musalaṁ lubdhakasya.

5. saḥ prasthitaḥ keśavena anuśiṣṭaḥ mada-āturaḥ
jñāti-vadha-arditaḥ ca | tam vai yāntam saṃnidhau keśavasya
tvarantam ekam sahasā eva babhrum | brahmā-anuśaptam
avadhīt mahat vai kūṭa-unmuktam musalam lubdhakasya

5. Having departed as instructed by Keśava, he (Balarāma) was afflicted by intoxication and distressed by the slaughter of his kinsmen. Indeed, while Babhru, who had been cursed by a brahmin, was hurrying alone in Keśava's presence, a great club of a hunter, released from its snare, suddenly killed him.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Balarāma) (he, that)

• प्रस्थितः (prasthitaḥ) - departed, set out, gone forth

• केशवेन (keśavena) - by Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)

• अनुशिष्टः (anuśiṣṭaḥ) - instructed, commanded

• मद-आतुरः (mada-āturaḥ) - afflicted by intoxication, overwhelmed by madness

• ज्ञाति-वध-अर्दितः (jñāti-vadha-arditaḥ) - distressed by the slaughter of kinsmen

• च (ca) - and, also

• तम् (tam) - him (Babhru) (him, that)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• यान्तम् (yāntam) - going, moving

• संनिधौ (saṁnidhau) - in the presence, in the vicinity

• केशवस्य (keśavasya) - of Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)

• त्वरन्तम् (tvarantam) - hurrying, rushing

• एकम् (ekam) - alone (alone, one)

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcefully, unexpectedly

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

• बभ्रुम् (babhrum) - Babhru (name of a Yādava chief)

• ब्रह्मा-अनुशप्तम् (brahmā-anuśaptam) - cursed by a brahmin

• अवधीत् (avadhīt) - killed, struck down

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• कूट-उन्मुक्तम् (kūṭa-unmuktam) - released from a trap/snare

• मुसलम् (musalam) - the club that destroyed the Yādavas (club, pestle)

• लुब्धकस्य (lubdhakasya) - of the hunter (Jarā) (of the hunter)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Balarāma) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to Balarāma.

प्रस्थितः (prasthitaḥ) - departed, set out, gone forth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prasthita

prasthita - departed, set out, gone forth

Past Passive Participle

From pra-√sthā (to stand, go)

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ'.

केशवेन (keśavena) - by Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava (an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)

अनुशिष्टः (anuśiṣṭaḥ) - instructed, commanded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anuśiṣṭa

anuśiṣṭa - instructed, commanded

Past Passive Participle

From anu-√śās (to instruct, rule)

Prefix: anu

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ'.

मद-आतुरः (mada-āturaḥ) - afflicted by intoxication, overwhelmed by madness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mada-ātura

mada-ātura - afflicted by intoxication/madness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mada+ātura)

• mada – intoxication, madness, joy
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mad (class 4)
• ātura – afflicted, distressed, sick
  adjective (masculine)
  From √tur (to hurry, be strong) with ā
  Root: tur

Note: Modifies 'saḥ'.

ज्ञाति-वध-अर्दितः (jñāti-vadha-arditaḥ) - distressed by the slaughter of kinsmen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñāti-vadha-ardita

jñāti-vadha-ardita - distressed by the slaughter of kinsmen

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jñāti+vadha+ardita)

• jñāti – kinsman, relative
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• vadha – killing, slaughter
  noun (masculine)
  From √vadh (to strike, kill)
  Root: vadh (class 1)
• ardita – distressed, tormented, afflicted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √ard (to torment, pain)
  Root: ard (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him (Babhru) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to Babhru.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

यान्तम् (yāntam) - going, moving

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yāt

yāt - going, moving

Present Active Participle

From √yā (to go). The form 'yāntam' is accusative singular masculine/neuter.

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'babhrum'.

संनिधौ (saṁnidhau) - in the presence, in the vicinity

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃnidhi

saṁnidhi - presence, vicinity, proximity

From sam-ni-√dhā (to place together, bring near)

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

केशवस्य (keśavasya) - of Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava (an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)

त्वरन्तम् (tvarantam) - hurrying, rushing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tvarat

tvarat - hurrying, rushing

Present Active Participle

From √tvar (to hurry). The form 'tvarantam' is accusative singular masculine/neuter.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'babhrum'.

एकम् (ekam) - alone (alone, one)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, alone, single

Note: Modifies 'babhrum'.

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcefully, unexpectedly

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'sahas' (force) with -ā suffix (instrumental case ending used adverbially)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

बभ्रुम् (babhrum) - Babhru (name of a Yādava chief)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of babhru

babhru - Babhru (name of a Yādava chief, also 'brown')

Note: Object of 'avadhīt'.

ब्रह्मा-अनुशप्तम् (brahmā-anuśaptam) - cursed by a brahmin

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of brahmā-anuśapta

brahmā-anuśapta - cursed by a brahmin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+anuśapta)

• brahman – brahmin, priest; sacred utterance; absolute reality (brahman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• anuśapta – cursed, invoked with imprecations
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From anu-√śap (to curse, imprecate)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: śap (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'babhrum'.

अवधीत् (avadhīt) - killed, struck down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past (luṅ) of vadh

Aorist

3rd person singular aorist

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the second clause.

महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

कूट-उन्मुक्तम् (kūṭa-unmuktam) - released from a trap/snare

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kūṭa-unmukta

kūṭa-unmukta - released from a trap/snare

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kūṭa+unmukta)

• kūṭa – trap, snare, net
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kuṭ (class 6)
• unmukta – released, set free, thrown out
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ud-√muc (to release, free)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Modifies 'musalam'.

मुसलम् (musalam) - the club that destroyed the Yādavas (club, pestle)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of musala

musala - club, pestle

Note: Subject of 'avadhīt'.

लुब्धकस्य (lubdhakasya) - of the hunter (Jarā) (of the hunter)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of lubdhaka

lubdhaka - hunter, fowler

From √lubh (to covet, desire)

Root: lubh (class 4)

Note: Possessive, modifies 'musalam'.