महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-16, chapter-5, verse-20
स केशवं योगयुक्तं शयानं मृगाशङ्की लुब्धकः सायकेन ।
जराविध्यत्पादतले त्वरावांस्तं चाभितस्तज्जिघृक्षुर्जगाम ।
अथापश्यत्पुरुषं योगयुक्तं पीताम्बरं लुब्धकोऽनेकबाहुम् ॥२०॥
जराविध्यत्पादतले त्वरावांस्तं चाभितस्तज्जिघृक्षुर्जगाम ।
अथापश्यत्पुरुषं योगयुक्तं पीताम्बरं लुब्धकोऽनेकबाहुम् ॥२०॥
20. sa keśavaṁ yogayuktaṁ śayānaṁ; mṛgāśaṅkī lubdhakaḥ sāyakena ,
jarāvidhyatpādatale tvarāvāṁ;staṁ cābhitastajjighṛkṣurjagāma ,
athāpaśyatpuruṣaṁ yogayuktaṁ; pītāmbaraṁ lubdhako'nekabāhum.
jarāvidhyatpādatale tvarāvāṁ;staṁ cābhitastajjighṛkṣurjagāma ,
athāpaśyatpuruṣaṁ yogayuktaṁ; pītāmbaraṁ lubdhako'nekabāhum.
20.
sa keśavam yoga-yuktam śayānam mṛga-āśaṅkī lubdhakaḥ
sāyakena | jarā avidhyat pāda-tale tvarāvān tam
ca abhitaḥ tat jighṛkṣuḥ jagāma | atha apaśyat
puruṣam yoga-yuktam pīta-ambaram lubdhakaḥ aneka-bāhum
sāyakena | jarā avidhyat pāda-tale tvarāvān tam
ca abhitaḥ tat jighṛkṣuḥ jagāma | atha apaśyat
puruṣam yoga-yuktam pīta-ambaram lubdhakaḥ aneka-bāhum
20.
Mistaking Keśava, who lay absorbed in (yoga), for a deer, the hunter Jarā swiftly struck him in the sole of the foot with an arrow. Hastily, desiring to seize it, he approached Kṛṣṇa. Then, the hunter saw a man engaged in (yoga), wearing yellow garments, and having many arms.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- स (sa) - he, that
- केशवम् (keśavam) - Keśava (a name of Kṛṣṇa)
- योग-युक्तम् (yoga-yuktam) - absorbed in (yoga) (engaged in (yoga), absorbed in meditation)
- शयानम् (śayānam) - lying down, sleeping
- मृग-आशङ्की (mṛga-āśaṅkī) - mistaking for a deer, suspecting a deer
- लुब्धकः (lubdhakaḥ) - hunter
- सायकेन (sāyakena) - with an arrow
- जरा (jarā) - Jarā (name of the hunter) (Jarā (proper noun), old age)
- अविध्यत् (avidhyat) - he pierced, he struck
- पाद-तले (pāda-tale) - in the sole of the foot
- त्वरावान् (tvarāvān) - hastily (acting swiftly) (swift, hasty, quick)
- तम् (tam) - him (Kṛṣṇa) (that, him)
- च (ca) - and, also
- अभितः (abhitaḥ) - near (near, on both sides, around)
- तत् (tat) - it (the supposed deer/prey) (that, it)
- जिघृक्षुः (jighṛkṣuḥ) - desiring to seize, wishing to catch
- जगाम (jagāma) - he approached (he went)
- अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now
- अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he saw
- पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - man, person (Kṛṣṇa in his divine form) (man, person, male)
- योग-युक्तम् (yoga-yuktam) - engaged in (yoga) (engaged in (yoga), absorbed in meditation)
- पीत-अम्बरम् (pīta-ambaram) - yellow-garmented, wearing yellow clothes
- लुब्धकः (lubdhakaḥ) - hunter
- अनेक-बाहुम् (aneka-bāhum) - having many arms
Words meanings and morphology
स (sa) - he, that
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the hunter Jarā
केशवम् (keśavam) - Keśava (a name of Kṛṣṇa)
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of keśava
keśava - Keśava (a name of Kṛṣṇa, meaning 'having fine hair' or 'slayer of the demon Keśī')
Note: Object of the action of striking
योग-युक्तम् (yoga-yuktam) - absorbed in (yoga) (engaged in (yoga), absorbed in meditation)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of yoga-yukta
yoga-yukta - engaged in (yoga), united with (yoga), concentrated
Compound type : tatpurusha (yoga+yukta)
- yoga – union, spiritual discipline, meditation, concentration
noun (masculine)
From root yuj- (to join, unite)
Root: yuj (class 7) - yukta – joined, united, endowed with, engaged in, concentrated
past passive participle (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root yuj- (to join, unite)
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: Modifies 'keśavam'
शयानम् (śayānam) - lying down, sleeping
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of śayāna
śayāna - lying, sleeping, resting
Present Participle (Ātmanepada)
From root śī- (to lie, sleep) + śānac suffix
Root: śī (class 2)
Note: Modifies 'keśavam'
मृग-आशङ्की (mṛga-āśaṅkī) - mistaking for a deer, suspecting a deer
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛga-āśaṅkin
mṛga-āśaṅkin - mistaking for a deer, suspecting a deer
Compound type : tatpurusha (mṛga+āśaṅkin)
- mṛga – deer, wild animal, game
noun (masculine) - āśaṅkin – apprehensive, suspecting, doubtful
adjective (masculine)
From root śaṅk- (to doubt) with ā-
Prefix: ā
Root: śaṅk (class 1)
Note: Modifies 'lubdhakaḥ'
लुब्धकः (lubdhakaḥ) - hunter
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of lubdhaka
lubdhaka - hunter, fowler
Note: Refers to Jarā
सायकेन (sāyakena) - with an arrow
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of sāyaka
sāyaka - arrow, missile
जरा (jarā) - Jarā (name of the hunter) (Jarā (proper noun), old age)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jarā
jarā - Jarā (name of a hunter), old age, decay
अविध्यत् (avidhyat) - he pierced, he struck
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyadh
Imperfect
Root verb 'vyadh' (to pierce), imperfect tense, 3rd person singular
Root: vyadh (class 4)
पाद-तले (pāda-tale) - in the sole of the foot
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of pāda-tala
pāda-tala - sole of the foot
Compound type : tatpurusha (pāda+tala)
- pāda – foot, leg
noun (masculine) - tala – flat surface, sole (of foot), palm (of hand)
noun (neuter)
त्वरावान् (tvarāvān) - hastily (acting swiftly) (swift, hasty, quick)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarāvat
tvarāvat - swift, quick, hasty
From tvarā (haste) + -vat suffix
Note: Modifies 'lubdhakaḥ' (the hunter)
तम् (tam) - him (Kṛṣṇa) (that, him)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
अभितः (abhitaḥ) - near (near, on both sides, around)
(indeclinable)
तत् (tat) - it (the supposed deer/prey) (that, it)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Object of 'jighṛkṣuḥ'
जिघृक्षुः (jighṛkṣuḥ) - desiring to seize, wishing to catch
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jighṛkṣu
jighṛkṣu - desirous of seizing, wishing to catch
Desiderative suffix -u
From root grah- (to seize) with desiderative formation
Root: grah (class 9)
Note: Modifies 'lubdhakaḥ' (the hunter)
जगाम (jagāma) - he approached (he went)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of gam
Perfect
Root verb 'gam' (to go), perfect tense, 3rd person singular
Root: gam (class 1)
अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now
(indeclinable)
अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he saw
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś
Imperfect
Root verb 'dṛś' (to see), imperfect tense, 3rd person singular
Root: dṛś (class 1)
पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - man, person (Kṛṣṇa in his divine form) (man, person, male)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣa
puruṣa - man, male, person, spirit, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
Note: Object of 'apaśyat'
योग-युक्तम् (yoga-yuktam) - engaged in (yoga) (engaged in (yoga), absorbed in meditation)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of yoga-yukta
yoga-yukta - engaged in (yoga), united with (yoga), concentrated
Compound type : tatpurusha (yoga+yukta)
- yoga – union, spiritual discipline, meditation, concentration
noun (masculine)
From root yuj- (to join, unite)
Root: yuj (class 7) - yukta – joined, united, endowed with, engaged in, concentrated
past passive participle (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root yuj- (to join, unite)
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: Modifies 'puruṣam'
पीत-अम्बरम् (pīta-ambaram) - yellow-garmented, wearing yellow clothes
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of pīta-ambara
pīta-ambara - wearing yellow garments (an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (pīta+ambara)
- pīta – yellow, drunk (past participle of pā-)
adjective (neuter) - ambara – garment, cloth, sky
noun (neuter)
Note: Modifies 'puruṣam'
लुब्धकः (lubdhakaḥ) - hunter
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of lubdhaka
lubdhaka - hunter, fowler
Note: Refers to Jarā
अनेक-बाहुम् (aneka-bāhum) - having many arms
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of aneka-bāhu
aneka-bāhu - having many arms
Compound type : bahuvrihi (aneka+bāhu)
- aneka – many, not one
adjective (neuter)
Prefixes: a+na - bāhu – arm
noun (masculine)
Note: Modifies 'puruṣam'