महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-34, verse-18

स तमभ्यर्च्य राजानं नाम संश्राव्य चात्मनः ।
निषीदेत्यभ्यनुज्ञातो बृस्यामुपविवेश ह ॥१८॥

18. sa tamabhyarcya rājānaṁ nāma saṁśrāvya cātmanaḥ ,
niṣīdetyabhyanujñāto bṛsyāmupaviveśa ha.

18. saḥ tam abhyarcya rājānam nāma saṃśrāvya ca ātmanaḥ
niṣīda iti abhyanujñātaḥ bṛsyām upaviveśa ha

18. saḥ tam rājānam abhyarcya ca ātmanaḥ nāma saṃśrāvya
niṣīda iti abhyanujñātaḥ bṛsyām upaviveśa ha

18. After honoring the king and stating his own name, he was granted permission with the words 'Please be seated,' and he then sat upon a mat.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• तम् (tam) - the king (him, that)

• अभ्यर्च्य (abhyarcya) - having honored (the king) (having worshipped, having honored)

• राजानम् (rājānam) - king

• नाम (nāma) - name

• संश्राव्य (saṁśrāvya) - having announced, having made known

• च (ca) - and, also

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of his own (name) (of oneself, one's own, of the (ātman))

• निषीद (niṣīda) - (imperative command) (sit down!)

• इति (iti) - introducing a quotation (thus, so, indicating direct speech)

• अभ्यनुज्ञातः (abhyanujñātaḥ) - having been permitted, allowed, commanded

• बृस्याम् (bṛsyām) - on a mat, on a cushion

• उपविवेश (upaviveśa) - sat down

• ह (ha) - (often untranslated, adds emphasis to the narration) (indeed, certainly (emphatic particle))

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तम् (tam) - the king (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभ्यर्च्य (abhyarcya) - having honored (the king) (having worshipped, having honored)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from verb root arc (to worship) with prefix abhi and suffix -ya for absolutive.

Prefix: abhi

Root: arc (class 1)

राजानम् (rājānam) - king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

नाम (nāma) - name

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation

संश्राव्य (saṁśrāvya) - having announced, having made known

(indeclinable)

absolutive (causative)

Derived from root śru (to hear) with prefix sam, in causative form, and suffix -ya for absolutive.

Prefix: sam

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of his own (name) (of oneself, one's own, of the (ātman))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, (ātman)

निषीद (niṣīda) - (imperative command) (sit down!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of niṣīd

imperative

Root sad with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: sad (class 1)

इति (iti) - introducing a quotation (thus, so, indicating direct speech)

(indeclinable)

अभ्यनुज्ञातः (abhyanujñātaḥ) - having been permitted, allowed, commanded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyanujñāta

abhyanujñāta - permitted, allowed, commanded

past passive participle

Derived from root jñā (to know) with prefixes abhi and anu.

Prefixes: abhi+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' (he).

बृस्याम् (bṛsyām) - on a mat, on a cushion

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bṛsyā

bṛsyā - a cushion, a mat, a seat of straw

उपविवेश (upaviveśa) - sat down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of upaviś

perfect tense

Derived from root viś (to enter) with prefix upa, perfect form.

Prefix: upa

Root: viś (class 6)

ह (ha) - (often untranslated, adds emphasis to the narration) (indeed, certainly (emphatic particle))

(indeclinable)

Note: Often indicates a past event or merely functions as an emphatic particle.