महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-1, verse-5

धृतराष्ट्रमुपातिष्ठद्विदुरः संजयस्तथा ।
युयुत्सुश्चापि मेधावी वैश्यापुत्रः स कौरवः ॥५॥

5. dhṛtarāṣṭramupātiṣṭhadviduraḥ saṁjayastathā ,
yuyutsuścāpi medhāvī vaiśyāputraḥ sa kauravaḥ.

5. dhṛtarāṣṭram upātiṣṭhat viduraḥ saṃjayaḥ tathā
yuyutsuḥ ca api medhāvī vaiśyāputraḥ saḥ kauravaḥ

5. viduraḥ saṃjayaḥ tathā ca api medhāvī vaiśyāputraḥ
saḥ kauravaḥ yuyutsuḥ dhṛtarāṣṭram upātiṣṭhat

5. Vidura, Saṃjaya, and also the intelligent Yuyutsu, who was a son of a Vaiśya woman and belonged to the Kuru lineage, attended Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रम् (dhṛtarāṣṭram) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• उपातिष्ठत् (upātiṣṭhat) - attended, served, stood by

• विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, also

• युयुत्सुः (yuyutsuḥ) - Yuyutsu

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• मेधावी (medhāvī) - intelligent, wise, sagacious

• वैश्यापुत्रः (vaiśyāputraḥ) - son of a Vaiśya woman

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• कौरवः (kauravaḥ) - one belonging to the Kuru lineage (a Kuru, descendant of Kuru)

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रम् (dhṛtarāṣṭram) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind Kuru king)

Note: Object of 'upātiṣṭhat'.

उपातिष्ठत् (upātiṣṭhat) - attended, served, stood by

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upasthā

Imperfect tense, third person singular

From root sthā (स्था), 1st class, Parasmaipada, with prefix upa (उप)

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: The verb is singular even with multiple subjects, implying a collective action.

विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's wise half-brother)

Note: Subject.

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and minister)

Note: Subject.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

युयुत्सुः (yuyutsuḥ) - Yuyutsu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuyutsu

yuyutsu - Yuyutsu (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son by a Vaiśya woman)

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, here meaning 'even'.

मेधावी (medhāvī) - intelligent, wise, sagacious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of medhāvin

medhāvin - intelligent, wise, sagacious

Possessive suffix -vin added to medhā (intelligence)

Note: Agrees with Yuyutsu.

वैश्यापुत्रः (vaiśyāputraḥ) - son of a Vaiśya woman

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśyāputra

vaiśyāputra - son of a Vaiśya (woman)

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (vaiśyā+putra)

• vaiśyā – a woman of the Vaiśya caste
  noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Yuyutsu.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Yuyutsu.

कौरवः (kauravaḥ) - one belonging to the Kuru lineage (a Kuru, descendant of Kuru)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaurava

kaurava - a descendant of Kuru, a member of the Kuru clan

Derived from Kuru (कुरु) + a (अ) (patronymic suffix)

Note: Agrees with Yuyutsu.