महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-1, verse-4

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
प्राप्य राज्यं महात्मानः पाण्डवा हतशत्रवः ।
धृतराष्ट्रं पुरस्कृत्य पृथिवीं पर्यपालयन् ॥४॥

4. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
prāpya rājyaṁ mahātmānaḥ pāṇḍavā hataśatravaḥ ,
dhṛtarāṣṭraṁ puraskṛtya pṛthivīṁ paryapālayan.

4. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca prāpya rājyam mahātmānaḥ pāṇḍavāḥ
hataśatravaḥ dhṛtarāṣṭram puraskṛtya pṛthivīm paryapālayan

4. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca hataśatravaḥ mahātmānaḥ pāṇḍavāḥ rājyam
prāpya dhṛtarāṣṭram puraskṛtya pṛthivīm paryapālayan

4. Vaiśampāyana said: Having obtained the kingdom, the great-souled (mahātman) Pāṇḍavas, after defeating their enemies, ruled the earth while honoring Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (name of the narrator)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

• महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great-souled, noble-minded

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

• हतशत्रवः (hataśatravaḥ) - (Pāṇḍavas) whose enemies (Kauravas) were killed (whose enemies were killed, having killed enemies)

• धृतराष्ट्रम् (dhṛtarāṣṭram) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, having honored, having respected

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth, the world

• पर्यपालयन् (paryapālayan) - they protected, they ruled

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (name of the narrator)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana, a sage and disciple of Vyāsa

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, third person singular

from root vac (वच्), 2nd class, Parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Verb of speech.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root āp (आप्) with prefix pra (प्र)

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

Note: Object of 'prāpya'.

महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great-souled, noble-minded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, eminent, a great person, the supreme (ātman)

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Pāṇḍavāḥ.

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

Derived from Pāṇḍu (पाण्डु) + a (अ) (patronymic suffix)

Note: Subject of 'paryapālayan'.

हतशत्रवः (hataśatravaḥ) - (Pāṇḍavas) whose enemies (Kauravas) were killed (whose enemies were killed, having killed enemies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hataśatru

hataśatru - one whose enemies are killed

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hata+śatru)

• hata – killed, slain, destroyed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Pāṇḍavāḥ.

धृतराष्ट्रम् (dhṛtarāṣṭram) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind Kuru king)

Note: Object of 'puraskṛtya'.

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, having honored, having respected

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root kṛ (कृ) with prefix puras (पुरस्)

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Indicates an action concurrent with or preceding the main verb.

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth, the world

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, the world, land

Note: Object of 'paryapālayan'.

पर्यपालयन् (paryapālayan) - they protected, they ruled

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paripāl

Imperfect tense, third person plural

From root pāl (पाल्), 10th class (derived from pṛ 'to protect') with prefix pari (परि)

Prefix: pari

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.