महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-1, verse-23

यथा पुत्रवियुक्तोऽयं न किंचिद्दुःखमाप्नुयात् ।
इति राजान्वशाद्भ्रातॄन्नित्यमेव युधिष्ठिरः ॥२३॥

23. yathā putraviyukto'yaṁ na kiṁcidduḥkhamāpnuyāt ,
iti rājānvaśādbhrātṝnnityameva yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.

23. yathā putraviyuktaḥ ayam na kiñcit duḥkham āpnuyāt
iti rājā anvashāt bhrātṝn nityam eva yudhiṣṭhiraḥ

23. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ rājā nityam eva bhrātṝn anvashāt iti,
yathā ayam putraviyuktaḥ kiñcit duḥkham na āpnuyāt

23. So that this one, separated from his son, may not experience even a little sorrow – thus King Yudhishthira always instructed his brothers.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, so that

• पुत्रवियुक्तः (putraviyuktaḥ) - referring to Dhritarashtra who lost all his sons (separated from a son)

• अयम् (ayam) - referring to Dhritarashtra (this one)

• न (na) - not

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything, a little, even a little

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain

• आप्नुयात् (āpnuyāt) - may he obtain, may he experience

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• राजा (rājā) - king

• अन्वस्हात् (anvashāt) - he instructed, he commanded

• भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, so that

(indeclinable)

पुत्रवियुक्तः (putraviyuktaḥ) - referring to Dhritarashtra who lost all his sons (separated from a son)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putraviyukta

putraviyukta - separated from a son

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+viyukta)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• viyukta – separated, disjoined, deprived of
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from root yuj with prefix vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: yuj (class 7)

अयम् (ayam) - referring to Dhritarashtra (this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything, a little, even a little

(indeclinable)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - pain, sorrow, suffering, misery, unhappiness

आप्नुयात् (āpnuyāt) - may he obtain, may he experience

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of āp

optative active

root āp (class 5)

Root: āp (class 5)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

अन्वस्हात् (anvashāt) - he instructed, he commanded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of anuśās

imperfect active

root śās (class 2) with upasarga anu

Prefix: anu

Root: śās (class 2)

भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - name of the eldest Pandava brother, king of righteousness