महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-72, verse-4

स राजा धर्मजो राजन्दीक्षितो विबभौ तदा ।
हेममाली रुक्मकण्ठः प्रदीप्त इव पावकः ॥४॥

4. sa rājā dharmajo rājandīkṣito vibabhau tadā ,
hemamālī rukmakaṇṭhaḥ pradīpta iva pāvakaḥ.

4. saḥ rājā dharmajaḥ rājan dīkṣitaḥ vibabhau tadā
hemamālī rukmakaṇṭhaḥ pradīptaḥ iva pāvakaḥ

4. rājan,
tadā saḥ dharmajaḥ rājā dīkṣitaḥ hemamālī rukmakaṇṭhaḥ pradīptaḥ pāvakaḥ iva vibabhau.

4. O King, that king, the son of dharma (Yudhiṣṭhira), having been consecrated for the ritual, shone brightly then. Adorned with a golden garland and a golden necklace, he resembled a blazing fire.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (king) (that, he)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• धर्मजः (dharmajaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, who is considered the son of the deity Dharma. (born from dharma, son of dharma)

• राजन् (rājan) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the speaker's interlocutor) (O King)

• दीक्षितः (dīkṣitaḥ) - consecrated for the Vedic ritual (initiated, consecrated, prepared for a ritual)

• विबभौ (vibabhau) - he shone, he appeared radiant

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• हेममाली (hemamālī) - adorned with a golden garland

• रुक्मकण्ठः (rukmakaṇṭhaḥ) - having a golden neck, having a golden necklace

• प्रदीप्तः (pradīptaḥ) - blazing, shining, ignited

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• पावकः (pāvakaḥ) - fire, purificator

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (king) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

धर्मजः (dharmajaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, who is considered the son of the deity Dharma. (born from dharma, son of dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmaja

dharmaja - son of Dharma (the deity), born from natural law

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+ja)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  agent noun/suffix
  Derived from root jan- 'to be born'
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Acts as a proper noun in context (Yudhiṣṭhira)

राजन् (rājan) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the speaker's interlocutor) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

दीक्षितः (dīkṣitaḥ) - consecrated for the Vedic ritual (initiated, consecrated, prepared for a ritual)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīkṣita

dīkṣita - initiated, consecrated, prepared for a solemn ceremony

Past Passive Participle

From root dīkṣ- 'to consecrate oneself'

Root: dīkṣ (class 1)

Note: Used substantively as an adjective describing the king.

विबभौ (vibabhau) - he shone, he appeared radiant

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vibhā

Perfect (lit)

3rd person singular, Perfect tense

Prefix: vi

Root: bhā (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

हेममाली (hemamālī) - adorned with a golden garland

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hemamālin

hemamālin - wearing a gold garland, adorned with gold

Possessive adjective from 'hema-mālā' + -in suffix

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hema+mālā)

• hema – gold
  noun (neuter)
• mālā – garland, necklace
  noun (feminine)

रुक्मकण्ठः (rukmakaṇṭhaḥ) - having a golden neck, having a golden necklace

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rukmakaṇṭha

rukmakaṇṭha - having a golden neck, adorned with a golden necklace

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rukma+kaṇṭha)

• rukma – gold, golden ornament
  noun (neuter)
• kaṇṭha – neck, throat, necklace
  noun (masculine)

प्रदीप्तः (pradīptaḥ) - blazing, shining, ignited

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradīpta

pradīpta - blazing, radiant, shining, inflamed

Past Passive Participle

From root dīp- 'to shine' with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: dīp (class 4)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing comparison.

पावकः (pāvakaḥ) - fire, purificator

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāvaka

pāvaka - fire, pure, purificator

From root pū- 'to purify'

Root: pū (class 1)