महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-72, verse-22

अवमृद्नन्स राष्ट्राणि पार्थिवानां हयोत्तमः ।
शनैस्तदा परिययौ श्वेताश्वश्च महारथः ॥२२॥

22. avamṛdnansa rāṣṭrāṇi pārthivānāṁ hayottamaḥ ,
śanaistadā pariyayau śvetāśvaśca mahārathaḥ.

22. avamṛdnan saḥ rāṣṭrāṇi pārthivānām haya uttamaḥ
śanaiḥ tadā pariyayau śveta aśvaḥ ca mahārathaḥ

22. pārthivānām rāṣṭrāṇi avamṛdnan saḥ haya uttamaḥ
ca śveta aśvaḥ mahārathaḥ tadā śanaiḥ pariyayau

22. Trampling down the kingdoms of kings, that excellent horse, and the great charioteer, Arjuna, the one with the white horse (śvetāśva), then slowly travelled around.

Words meanings summery:

• अवमृद्नन् (avamṛdnan) - trampling down, crushing, subduing

• सः (saḥ) - that excellent horse (that, he)

• राष्ट्राणि (rāṣṭrāṇi) - kingdoms, countries

• पार्थिवानाम् (pārthivānām) - of kings, of rulers

• हय उत्तमः (haya uttamaḥ) - excellent horse, best of horses

• शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly, gradually

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• परिययौ (pariyayau) - went around, circumambulated

• श्वेत अश्वः (śveta aśvaḥ) - Arjuna (known for his white horses) (white-horsed)

• च (ca) - and

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - Arjuna, a great warrior who fights from a chariot (great charioteer)

Words meanings and morphology

अवमृद्नन् (avamṛdnan) - trampling down, crushing, subduing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ava-mṛd

ava-mṛd - to tread down, to crush, to subdue

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'mṛd' with prefix 'ava' and participle suffix -at (nominative singular -an)

Prefix: ava

Root: mṛd (class 9)

सः (saḥ) - that excellent horse (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राष्ट्राणि (rāṣṭrāṇi) - kingdoms, countries

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom, country, realm

पार्थिवानाम् (pārthivānām) - of kings, of rulers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, royal, king, ruler

Derived from pṛthivī (earth)

हय उत्तमः (haya uttamaḥ) - excellent horse, best of horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hayottama

hayottama - excellent horse, best of horses

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (haya+uttama)

• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – excellent, best, highest
  adjective (masculine)

शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly, gradually

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

परिययौ (pariyayau) - went around, circumambulated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pari-i

Prefix: pari

Root: i (class 2)

श्वेत अश्वः (śveta aśvaḥ) - Arjuna (known for his white horses) (white-horsed)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvetāśva

śvetāśva - having white horses, white-horsed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śveta+aśva)

• śveta – white, bright
  adjective (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - Arjuna, a great warrior who fights from a chariot (great charioteer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great chariot, great warrior, great hero

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (one who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)