महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-5, verse-3

व्यास उवाच ।
असुराश्चैव देवाश्च दक्षस्यासन्प्रजापतेः ।
अपत्यं बहुलं तात तेऽस्पर्धन्त परस्परम् ॥३॥

3. vyāsa uvāca ,
asurāścaiva devāśca dakṣasyāsanprajāpateḥ ,
apatyaṁ bahulaṁ tāta te'spardhanta parasparam.

3. vyāsaḥ uvāca asurāḥ ca eva devāḥ ca dakṣasya āsan
prajāpateḥ apatyam bahulam tāta te aspardhanta parasparam

3. Vyasa said: 'O dear one, the Asuras and the Devas were indeed the numerous progeny of Daksha Prajapati. They contended with each other.'

Words meanings summery:

• व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyasa (Vyasa (name of the sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• असुराः (asurāḥ) - the Asuras (Asuras, demons)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed, very)

• देवाः (devāḥ) - the Devas (gods) (gods, deities)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• दक्षस्य (dakṣasya) - of Daksha

• आसन् (āsan) - were (they were, they existed)

• प्रजापतेः (prajāpateḥ) - of Prajapati (of Prajapati (lord of creatures, creator))

• अपत्यम् (apatyam) - progeny (offspring, progeny, child)

• बहुलम् (bahulam) - numerous (numerous, abundant, manifold)

• तात (tāta) - O dear one (addressing Yudhishthira) (O dear one, O father, O child)

• ते (te) - they (Asuras and Devas) (they (masculine/feminine plural nominative), to you (singular dative), by you (singular genitive))

• अस्पर्धन्त (aspardhanta) - they contended (they contended, they vied)

• परस्परम् (parasparam) - with each other (mutually, with one another, reciprocally)

Words meanings and morphology

व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyasa (Vyasa (name of the sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyasa (name of a celebrated sage, compiler of the Vedas, author of Mahabharata), arranger, compiler

From 'vi' + √as 'to throw, cast' or 'vi-ā-√as'

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active indicative 3rd singular

Reduplicated perfect of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

असुराः (asurāḥ) - the Asuras (Asuras, demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asura

asura - Asura (a class of mythological beings, often considered anti-gods or demons), spiritual, divine (earlier Vedic sense)

Etymology disputed, possibly from 'asu' (breath) or 'a-sura' (not a god).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed, very)

(indeclinable)

देवाः (devāḥ) - the Devas (gods) (gods, deities)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine

From √div 'to shine'

Root: div (class 4)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

दक्षस्य (dakṣasya) - of Daksha

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dakṣa

dakṣa - Daksha (name of a Prajapati), capable, skillful, strong

From √dakṣ 'to be able, to grow'

Root: dakṣ (class 1)

आसन् (āsan) - were (they were, they existed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

imperfect active indicative 3rd plural

Augmented form of imperfect √as.

Root: as (class 2)

प्रजापतेः (prajāpateḥ) - of Prajapati (of Prajapati (lord of creatures, creator))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of prajāpati

prajāpati - lord of creatures, progenitor, creator (a title applied to various deities and sages, including Daksha)

Compound type : tatpurusha (prajā+pati)

• prajā – people, progeny, subjects, creation
  noun (feminine)
  From 'pra' + √jan 'to be born'
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jan (class 4)
• pati – lord, master, husband, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From √pā 'to protect, rule'
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Genitive singular of 'prajāpati' (i-stem).

अपत्यम् (apatyam) - progeny (offspring, progeny, child)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of apatya

apatya - offspring, progeny, child

From 'apa' + √pat (to fall) with 'ya' suffix. Lit. 'not falling away from the family'.

Prefix: apa

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Predicative nominative.

बहुलम् (bahulam) - numerous (numerous, abundant, manifold)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bahula

bahula - numerous, abundant, copious, manifold

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'apatyam'.

तात (tāta) - O dear one (addressing Yudhishthira) (O dear one, O father, O child)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one (term of endearment or respect for elders/youngers)

Used as a vocative term.

ते (te) - they (Asuras and Devas) (they (masculine/feminine plural nominative), to you (singular dative), by you (singular genitive))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Nominative plural of 'tad', referring to Asuras and Devas.

अस्पर्धन्त (aspardhanta) - they contended (they contended, they vied)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of spardh

imperfect middle indicative 3rd plural

Augmented form of imperfect √spardh. Ātmanepada.

Root: spardh (class 1)

परस्परम् (parasparam) - with each other (mutually, with one another, reciprocally)

(indeclinable)

From 'para' (other) + 'aspar' (touching) or as an adverbial compound.