महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-5, verse-13

स्पर्धते सततं स स्म देवराजेन पार्थिवः ।
वासवोऽपि मरुत्तेन स्पर्धते पाण्डुनन्दन ॥१३॥

13. spardhate satataṁ sa sma devarājena pārthivaḥ ,
vāsavo'pi maruttena spardhate pāṇḍunandana.

13. spardhate satatam sa sma devarājena pārthivaḥ
vāsavaḥ api maruttena spardhate pāṇḍunandana

13. saḥ pārthivaḥ satatam devarājena spardhate sma
api vāsavaḥ maruttena spardhate pāṇḍunandana

13. That king constantly vied with the king of the gods, Indra (Vāsava). O son of Pāṇḍu, Vāsava himself also vied with Marutta.

Words meanings summery:

• स्पर्धते (spardhate) - vied (competes, vies, challenges)

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly (constantly, always, perpetually)

• स (sa) - he (Marutta) (he, that)

• स्म (sma) - indicating past habitual action (indeed, verily, a particle indicating past tense when used with a present tense verb)

• देवराजेन (devarājena) - with the king of gods (Indra) (by the king of gods, with the king of gods)

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - the king (Marutta) (king, earthly, prince)

• वासवः (vāsavaḥ) - Indra (Indra (name of a deity))

• अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too)

• मरुत्तेन (maruttena) - with Marutta (by Marutta, with Marutta)

• स्पर्धते (spardhate) - vied (competes, vies, challenges)

• पाण्डुनन्दन (pāṇḍunandana) - O son of Pāṇḍu (vocative, addressing an interlocutor like Arjuna or Yudhiṣṭhira) (O son of Pāṇḍu, descendant of Pāṇḍu)

Words meanings and morphology

स्पर्धते (spardhate) - vied (competes, vies, challenges)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of spardh

Root: spardh (class 1)

Note: Used with 'sma' to indicate past habitual action.

सततम् (satatam) - constantly (constantly, always, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb.

स (sa) - he (Marutta) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: The 's' is from visarga sandhi before 'sm'.

स्म (sma) - indicating past habitual action (indeed, verily, a particle indicating past tense when used with a present tense verb)

(indeclinable)

देवराजेन (devarājena) - with the king of gods (Indra) (by the king of gods, with the king of gods)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of devarāja

devarāja - king of the gods, Indra

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+rāja)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used with spardhate which takes instrumental case.

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - the king (Marutta) (king, earthly, prince)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, earthly, royal, prince

From pṛthivī (earth)

Note: Refers to Marutta.

वासवः (vāsavaḥ) - Indra (Indra (name of a deity))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsava

vāsava - Indra

Derived from Vasu

अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

मरुत्तेन (maruttena) - with Marutta (by Marutta, with Marutta)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of marutta

marutta - name of an ancient king

Note: Used with spardhate which takes instrumental case.

स्पर्धते (spardhate) - vied (competes, vies, challenges)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of spardh

Root: spardh (class 1)

पाण्डुनन्दन (pāṇḍunandana) - O son of Pāṇḍu (vocative, addressing an interlocutor like Arjuna or Yudhiṣṭhira) (O son of Pāṇḍu, descendant of Pāṇḍu)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍunandana

pāṇḍunandana - son of Pāṇḍu, descendant of Pāṇḍu

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇḍu+nandana)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, child, delight
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nand (class 1)