महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-4, verse-17

तस्य कारंधमः पुत्रस्त्रेतायुगमुखेऽभवत् ।
इन्द्रादनवरः श्रीमान्देवैरपि सुदुर्जयः ॥१७॥

17. tasya kāraṁdhamaḥ putrastretāyugamukhe'bhavat ,
indrādanavaraḥ śrīmāndevairapi sudurjayaḥ.

17. tasya karaṃdhamaḥ putraḥ tretā-yuga-mukhe abhavat
indrāt anavaraḥ śrīmān devaiḥ api su-durjayaḥ

17. tasya putraḥ karaṃdhamaḥ tretā-yuga-mukhe abhavat
śrīmān indrāt anavaraḥ devaiḥ api su-durjayaḥ

17. His son, Karaṃdhama, was born at the beginning of the Tretā age (yuga). He was glorious, not inferior to Indra, and very difficult to conquer even for the gods.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

• करंधमः (karaṁdhamaḥ) - The specific name of the son. (Karaṃdhama (proper noun))

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• त्रेता-युग-मुखे (tretā-yuga-mukhe) - at the beginning of the Tretā age

• अभवत् (abhavat) - he was, he came into being, he existed

• इन्द्रात् (indrāt) - from Indra, than Indra

• अनवरः (anavaraḥ) - not inferior, not lower, equal or superior

• श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, prosperous, beautiful, fortunate

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• सु-दुर्जयः (su-durjayaḥ) - very difficult to conquer

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the previous king.

करंधमः (karaṁdhamaḥ) - The specific name of the son. (Karaṃdhama (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karaṃdhama

karaṁdhama - Karaṃdhama (proper name), literally 'one who levies taxes (kara)' or 'tax-levier'

Compound: kara (tax) + dhama (levier, from root dhmā 'to blow/proclaim/impose')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kara+dhama)

• kara – tax, tribute
  noun (masculine)
• dhama – levier, one who imposes, one who extracts
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root dhmā (to blow, proclaim, impose)
  Root: dhmā (class 1)

Note: Subject of abhavat.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Predicate nominative for karaṃdhamaḥ.

त्रेता-युग-मुखे (tretā-yuga-mukhe) - at the beginning of the Tretā age

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tretā-yuga-mukha

tretā-yuga-mukha - beginning of the Tretā age

Compound type : tatpurusha (tretā+yuga+mukha)

• tretā – the third age (yuga) of the world
  noun (feminine)
• yuga – age, epoch, eon
  noun (neuter)
• mukha – mouth, face, beginning, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Time indicator.

अभवत् (abhavat) - he was, he came into being, he existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Prefix: a

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Imperfect form of bhū.

इन्द्रात् (indrāt) - from Indra, than Indra

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (king of gods)

Note: Used for comparison with anavaraḥ.

अनवरः (anavaraḥ) - not inferior, not lower, equal or superior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anavara

anavara - not inferior, not lower, equal, superior

Negative compound: a (not) + avara (inferior)

Compound type : nan-tatpurusha (a+avara)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• avara – inferior, lower, later
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Describes Karaṃdhama.

श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, prosperous, beautiful, fortunate

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīmat

śrīmat - glorious, prosperous, beautiful, fortunate, endowed with śrī (wealth, glory)

Possessive adjective from śrī

Note: Describes Karaṃdhama.

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Note: Agent for sudurjayaḥ.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'even the gods'.

सु-दुर्जयः (su-durjayaḥ) - very difficult to conquer

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of su-durjaya

su-durjaya - very difficult to conquer, invincible

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Compound: su (very) + dur (difficult) + jaya (to be conquered)

Compound type : karmadharaya (su+durjaya)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• durjaya – difficult to conquer, unconquerable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From root ji (to conquer) with prefix dur (difficult)
  Prefix: dur
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Describes Karaṃdhama.