महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-4, verse-10

स पितुर्विक्रियां दृष्ट्वा राज्यान्निरसनं तथा ।
नियतो वर्तयामास प्रजाहितचिकीर्षया ॥१०॥

10. sa piturvikriyāṁ dṛṣṭvā rājyānnirasanaṁ tathā ,
niyato vartayāmāsa prajāhitacikīrṣayā.

10. saḥ pituḥ vikriyām dṛṣṭvā rājyāt nirasanam
tathā niyataḥ vartayāmāsa prajāhitacikīrṣayā

10. pitur vikriyām tathā rājyāt nirasanam dṛṣṭvā
saḥ niyataḥ prajāhitacikīrṣayā vartayāmāsa

10. Having witnessed his father's misconduct and his removal from the kingdom, he (Suvarcas) then conducted himself with self-control, motivated by a desire for the welfare of his subjects.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

• विक्रियाम् (vikriyām) - change for the worse, misconduct, corruption

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• राज्यात् (rājyāt) - from the kingdom

• निरसनम् (nirasanam) - removal, expulsion, dismissal

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, and

• नियतः (niyataḥ) - self-controlled, restrained, disciplined

• वर्तयामास (vartayāmāsa) - he conducted himself, he lived

• प्रजाहितचिकीर्षया (prajāhitacikīrṣayā) - with a desire for the welfare of the subjects, wishing to do good to the subjects

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Refers to Suvarcas.

पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Possessive, refers to Khanīnetra.

विक्रियाम् (vikriyām) - change for the worse, misconduct, corruption

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vikriyā

vikriyā - change for the worse, misconduct, perversity, alteration

From root kṛ with prefix vi- and ā suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dṛś + tvā suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

राज्यात् (rājyāt) - from the kingdom

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, royalty, dominion, government

From rājan + ya.

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Denotes separation or origin.

निरसनम् (nirasanam) - removal, expulsion, dismissal

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nirasana

nirasana - expulsion, removal, dismissal, rejection

From root as (to throw) with prefix nir-.

Prefix: nir

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, and

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

नियतः (niyataḥ) - self-controlled, restrained, disciplined

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyata

niyata - restrained, regulated, disciplined, fixed, certain

Past Passive Participle

From root yam (to control) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

वर्तयामास (vartayāmāsa) - he conducted himself, he lived

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vṛt

Periphrastic Perfect

From causative of root vṛt + āmāsa.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

प्रजाहितचिकीर्षया (prajāhitacikīrṣayā) - with a desire for the welfare of the subjects, wishing to do good to the subjects

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prajāhitacikīrṣā

prajāhitacikīrṣā - desire for the welfare of the subjects

Compound of 'prajāhita' (welfare of subjects) and 'cikīrṣā' (desire to do). 'Cikīrṣā' is a desiderative nominalization from root kṛ.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prajā+hita+cikīrṣā)

• prajā – subjects, people, offspring
  noun (feminine)
  From root jan + pra- prefix.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jan (class 4)
• hita – welfare, benefit, good, beneficial
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhā + kta (irreg. for hi).
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• cikīrṣā – desire to do, intention to perform
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative nominalization
  From desiderative stem of root kṛ + a.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Indicates the reason or means.