महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-4, verse-16

ततस्तानजयत्सर्वान्प्रातिसीमान्नराधिपान् ।
एतस्मात्कारणाद्राजन्विश्रुतः स करंधमः ॥१६॥

16. tatastānajayatsarvānprātisīmānnarādhipān ,
etasmātkāraṇādrājanviśrutaḥ sa karaṁdhamaḥ.

16. tataḥ tān ajayat sarvān prātīsīmān narādhipān
etasmāt kāraṇāt rājan viśrutaḥ saḥ karaṃdhamaḥ

16. tataḥ saḥ sarvān prātīsīmān narādhipān tān ajayat
rājan etasmāt kāraṇāt saḥ karaṃdhamaḥ viśrutaḥ

16. Then he conquered all the neighboring kings. For this reason, O King, he became renowned as Karaṃdhama (tax-levier).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• तान् (tān) - them, those

• अजयत् (ajayat) - he conquered, he defeated

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every

• प्रातीसीमान् (prātīsīmān) - neighboring, bordering

• नराधिपान् (narādhipān) - kings, lords of men

• एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - from this, for this

• कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - from a cause, for a reason

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• विश्रुतः (viśrutaḥ) - renowned, famous, heard of

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (one)

• करंधमः (karaṁdhamaḥ) - The specific name of the king, literally 'one who levies taxes (kara)' or 'tax-levier' (Karaṃdhama (proper noun))

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - them, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the kings.

अजयत् (ajayat) - he conquered, he defeated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ji

Prefix: a

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Imperfect form of ji.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with narādhipān.

प्रातीसीमान् (prātīsīmān) - neighboring, bordering

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prātīsīma

prātīsīma - neighboring, bordering

Note: Agrees with narādhipān.

नराधिपान् (narādhipān) - kings, lords of men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, lord of men

Compound: nara (man) + adhipa (lord)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Object of ajayat.

एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - from this, for this

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Used with kāraṇāt.

कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - from a cause, for a reason

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: For this reason.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Addressed to the listener.

विश्रुतः (viśrutaḥ) - renowned, famous, heard of

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśruta

viśruta - renowned, famous, heard of

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śru (to hear) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Agrees with saḥ and karaṃdhamaḥ.

सः (saḥ) - he, that (one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the king.

करंधमः (karaṁdhamaḥ) - The specific name of the king, literally 'one who levies taxes (kara)' or 'tax-levier' (Karaṃdhama (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karaṃdhama

karaṁdhama - Karaṃdhama (proper name), literally 'one who levies taxes (kara)' or 'tax-levier'

Compound: kara (tax) + dhama (levier, from root dhmā 'to blow/proclaim/impose')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kara+dhama)

• kara – tax, tribute
  noun (masculine)
• dhama – levier, one who imposes, one who extracts
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root dhmā (to blow, proclaim, impose)
  Root: dhmā (class 1)

Note: The specific name of the king.