महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-113, verse-4

यथा यथा नरः सम्यगधर्ममनुभाषते ।
समाहितेन मनसा विमुच्यति तथा तथा ।
भुजंग इव निर्मोकात्पूर्वभुक्ताज्जरान्वितात् ॥४॥

4. yathā yathā naraḥ samyagadharmamanubhāṣate ,
samāhitena manasā vimucyati tathā tathā ,
bhujaṁga iva nirmokātpūrvabhuktājjarānvitāt.

4. yathā yathā naraḥ samyak adharmam
anubhāṣate samāhitena manasā
vimucyati tathā tathā bhujaṅgaḥ
iva nirmokāt pūrvabhuktāt jarānvitāt

4. In whatever way a person truthfully confesses unrighteousness (adharma) with a concentrated mind, in that same way he becomes liberated, just like a serpent from its old, previously shed skin.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - as, in which way

• यथा (yathā) - as, in which way

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

• सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, truly, completely

• अधर्मम् (adharmam) - unrighteousness, non-constitutional action

• अनुभाषते (anubhāṣate) - speaks, confesses, declares

• समाहितेन (samāhitena) - by a concentrated, by an attentive

• मनसा (manasā) - by mind, with the mind

• विमुच्यति (vimucyati) - is liberated, is released

• तथा (tathā) - so, in that way

• तथा (tathā) - so, in that way

• भुजङ्गः (bhujaṅgaḥ) - serpent, snake

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• निर्मोकात् (nirmokāt) - from its slough, from shedding

• पूर्वभुक्तात् (pūrvabhuktāt) - from the previously enjoyed/shed

• जरान्वितात् (jarānvitāt) - from that accompanied by old age/decay, from the old

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - as, in which way

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - as, in which way

(indeclinable)

नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being, person

Note: Subject of 'anubhāṣate'.

सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, truly, completely

(indeclinable)

अधर्मम् (adharmam) - unrighteousness, non-constitutional action

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, unconstitutionality, wrong conduct (adharma)

Negation of dharma by 'a-' prefix.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, righteousness (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √dhṛ (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'anubhāṣate'.

अनुभाषते (anubhāṣate) - speaks, confesses, declares

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhāṣ

Present middle third person singular

From √bhāṣ, with prefix anu-, present tense, ātmanepada.

Prefix: anu

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

समाहितेन (samāhitena) - by a concentrated, by an attentive

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of samāhita

samāhita - concentrated, attentive, composed, collected

Past Passive Participle

From √dhā (to place) with prefixes sam-ā-.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

मनसा (manasā) - by mind, with the mind

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought

Derived from √man (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Indicates the means.

विमुच्यति (vimucyati) - is liberated, is released

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of muc

Present passive third person singular

From √muc, with prefix vi-, present tense, passive voice (class 6 present stem mucya-).

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: The agent of liberation is not specified, it's an inherent process.

तथा (tathā) - so, in that way

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - so, in that way

(indeclinable)

भुजङ्गः (bhujaṅgaḥ) - serpent, snake

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhujaṅga

bhujaṅga - snake, serpent

Literally 'one who goes crookedly' (bhuj + gam).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhuja+ga)

• bhuja – arm, hand; crooked
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective
  agent noun/suffix
  From √gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The subject of the simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

निर्मोकात् (nirmokāt) - from its slough, from shedding

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of nirmoka

nirmoka - shedding of skin, slough, liberation

Derived from √muc (to release) with prefix nir-.

Prefix: nis

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Indicates separation/source.

पूर्वभुक्तात् (pūrvabhuktāt) - from the previously enjoyed/shed

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of pūrvabhukta

pūrvabhukta - previously enjoyed, previously experienced, previously shed (for skin)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+bhukta)

• pūrva – former, previous, earlier
  adjective
• bhukta – eaten, enjoyed, experienced, used, worn (for skin, 'shed')
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √bhuj (to enjoy, eat, possess). In the context of a snake's skin, it means 'shed' or 'cast off'.
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'nirmokāt'.

जरान्वितात् (jarānvitāt) - from that accompanied by old age/decay, from the old

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of jarānvita

jarānvita - accompanied by old age, old, decayed, worn out

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jarā+anvita)

• jarā – old age, decay, decrepitude
  noun (feminine)
  From √jṛ (to grow old).
  Root: jṛ (class 1)
• anvita – accompanied by, connected with, possessed of
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √i (to go) with prefix anu- (anu + i > anvit).
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'nirmokāt' and 'pūrvabhuktāt'.