महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-113, verse-28

एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातमन्नदानफलं महत् ।
मूलमेतद्धि धर्माणां प्रदानस्य च भारत ॥२८॥

28. etatte sarvamākhyātamannadānaphalaṁ mahat ,
mūlametaddhi dharmāṇāṁ pradānasya ca bhārata.

28. etat te sarvam ākhyātam annadānaphalam mahat
mūlam etat hi dharmāṇām pradānasya ca bhārata

28. he bhārata etat mahat annadānaphalam sarvam te
ākhyātam hi etat dharmāṇām ca pradānasya mūlam

28. All this great fruit of giving food has been explained to you. Indeed, this (giving of food) is the root of righteous conduct (dharma) and of all acts of generosity, O Bhārata.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this (great fruit) (this)

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all this (as in 'all of this fruit') (all, whole)

• आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - explained (narrated, told, explained)

• अन्नदानफलम् (annadānaphalam) - the fruit of giving food

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

• मूलम् (mūlam) - root, origin, foundation

• एतत् (etat) - (this) giving of food (this)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• धर्माणाम् (dharmāṇām) - of righteous conduct (dharma) (of righteous actions, of constitutions, of natural laws)

• प्रदानस्य (pradānasya) - of all acts of generosity (of giving, of donation, of offering)

• च (ca) - and, also

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (a common address to a Kuru prince like Yudhiṣṭhira or Arjuna) (O descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this (great fruit) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to 'annadānaphalam mahat'

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all this (as in 'all of this fruit') (all, whole)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Adjective to 'annadānaphalam mahat' or can function as a noun 'all of it'

आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - explained (narrated, told, explained)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākhyāta

ākhyāta - narrated, told, declared, explained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root khyā with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'etat' and 'annadānaphalam'

अन्नदानफलम् (annadānaphalam) - the fruit of giving food

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of annadānaphala

annadānaphala - fruit of giving food

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anna+dāna+phala)

• anna – food, rice, meal
  noun (neuter)
  Root: ad (class 2)
• dāna – giving, gift, donation, liberality
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root dā
  Root: dā (class 3)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of the passive verb ākhyātam

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important, eminent

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'annadānaphalam'

मूलम् (mūlam) - root, origin, foundation

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mūla

mūla - root, origin, foundation, source, basis

Note: Predicate nominative for implied verb 'is'

एतत् (etat) - (this) giving of food (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis

धर्माणाम् (dharmāṇām) - of righteous conduct (dharma) (of righteous actions, of constitutions, of natural laws)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, justice

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Possessive, referring to 'mūlam'

प्रदानस्य (pradānasya) - of all acts of generosity (of giving, of donation, of offering)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of pradāna

pradāna - giving, granting, donation, offering, imparting, delivering

Derived from root dā with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Possessive, referring to 'mūlam'

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (a common address to a Kuru prince like Yudhiṣṭhira or Arjuna) (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata; an inhabitant of India