महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-113, verse-11

यस्य ह्यन्नमुपाश्नन्ति ब्राह्मणानां शता दश ।
हृष्टेन मनसा दत्तं न स तिर्यग्गतिर्भवेत् ॥११॥

11. yasya hyannamupāśnanti brāhmaṇānāṁ śatā daśa ,
hṛṣṭena manasā dattaṁ na sa tiryaggatirbhavet.

11. yasya hi annam upāśnanti brāhmaṇānām śatā daśa
hr̥ṣṭena manasā dattam na saḥ tiryaggatiḥ bhavet

11. yasya hi hr̥ṣṭena manasā dattam annam daśa śatā brāhmaṇānām upāśnanti,
saḥ tiryaggatiḥ na bhavet

11. The person whose food, given with a joyful mind, is consumed by a thousand brahmins, will certainly not attain a lower birth (tiryaggati).

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, surely

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain

• उपाश्नन्ति (upāśnanti) - they eat, consume

• ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of brahmins

• शता (śatā) - one thousand (ten hundreds) (hundreds)

• दश (daśa) - ten

• ह्र्̥ष्टेन (hr̥ṣṭena) - with a joyful, with a glad

• मनसा (manasā) - with the mind

• दत्तम् (dattam) - given, offered

• न (na) - not, no

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• तिर्यग्गतिः (tiryaggatiḥ) - lower state of existence, animal birth

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may he be, would be, should become

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who (relative pronoun)

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, boiled rice, grain

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √ad (to eat) with suffix -na

Root: ad (class 2)

उपाश्नन्ति (upāśnanti) - they eat, consume

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of upāś

Present Indicative

Root √aś (class 9) with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: aś (class 9)

ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of brahmins

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - brahmin, a member of the priestly class

शता (śatā) - one thousand (ten hundreds) (hundreds)

(numeral)

Note: Used here with daśa to mean 'a thousand'

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Modifies 'sahasrāṇi'

ह्र्̥ष्टेन (hr̥ṣṭena) - with a joyful, with a glad

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hr̥ṣṭa

hr̥ṣṭa - delighted, joyful, pleased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √hr̥ṣ (to be glad, rejoice)

Root: hr̥ṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'manasā'

मनसा (manasā) - with the mind

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought

दत्तम् (dattam) - given, offered

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, offered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'annam'

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

तिर्यग्गतिः (tiryaggatiḥ) - lower state of existence, animal birth

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tiryaggati

tiryaggati - animal birth, lower state of existence, rebirth as an animal

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tiryak+gati)

• tiryak – horizontal, crooked, animal, crosswise
  adjective
• gati – going, motion, course, fate, destination, state of being
  noun (feminine)
  Root: gam (class 1)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may he be, would be, should become

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Optative Mood

Root √bhū (class 1), Parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)