महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-113, verse-17

अवाप्य प्राणसंदेहं कार्कश्येन समार्जितम् ।
अन्नं दत्त्वा द्विजातिभ्यः शूद्रः पापात्प्रमुच्यते ॥१७॥

17. avāpya prāṇasaṁdehaṁ kārkaśyena samārjitam ,
annaṁ dattvā dvijātibhyaḥ śūdraḥ pāpātpramucyate.

17. avāpya prāṇasaṃdeham kārkaśyena samārjitam annam
dattvā dvijātibhyaḥ śūdraḥ pāpāt pramucyate

17. śūdraḥ,
prāṇasaṃdeham kārkaśyena samārjitam annam avāpya,
dvijātibhyaḥ dattvā,
pāpāt pramucyate

17. When a śūdra gives to the twice-born (dvijāti) food that he has earned through great hardship, even at the risk of his life, he is completely freed from sin.

Words meanings summery:

• अवाप्य (avāpya) - having obtained, having acquired

• प्राणसंदेहम् (prāṇasaṁdeham) - at the risk of his life (doubt about life, risk to life, life in danger)

• कार्कश्येन (kārkaśyena) - by severe toil (by harshness, by severity, by toil)

• समार्जितम् (samārjitam) - well-earned, acquired, accumulated

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, provisions, sustenance

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given, having offered

• द्विजातिभ्यः (dvijātibhyaḥ) - to the twice-born, to brahmins

• शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a śūdra, member of the laborer/service class

• पापात् (pāpāt) - from sin, from evil

• प्रमुच्यते (pramucyate) - is liberated, is freed

Words meanings and morphology

अवाप्य (avāpya) - having obtained, having acquired

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from prefix अव (ava) + root आप् (āp) 'to obtain' + suffix -ya.

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Describes a preceding action by the śūdra.

प्राणसंदेहम् (prāṇasaṁdeham) - at the risk of his life (doubt about life, risk to life, life in danger)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prāṇasaṃdeha

prāṇasaṁdeha - doubt about life, danger to life, risk of life

Genitive Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+saṃdeha)

• prāṇa – life, vital breath, life-force
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root अन् (an) 'to breathe' with prefix प्र (pra).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: an (class 2)
• saṃdeha – doubt, uncertainty, danger, risk
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from prefix सम् (sam) + दुस् (dus) + root इ (i) 'to go', or from sam-dih 'to doubt'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dih (class 4)

Note: Object of `avāpya`, implying 'facing' or 'undergoing' this risk.

कार्कश्येन (kārkaśyena) - by severe toil (by harshness, by severity, by toil)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kārkaśya

kārkaśya - harshness, severity, rigidity, difficulty, toil

Derived from karkaśa 'harsh'.

Note: Describes the manner of earning.

समार्जितम् (samārjitam) - well-earned, acquired, accumulated

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samārjita

samārjita - well-earned, acquired, accumulated, collected

Past Passive Participle

Derived from prefix सम् (sam) + आ (ā) + root ऋज् (ṛj) 'to acquire, earn'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: ṛj (class 1)

Note: Modifies `annam`.

अन्नम् (annam) - food, provisions, sustenance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, grain, cooked rice

Derived from root अद् (ad) 'to eat'.

Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Object of `avāpya` and `dattvā`.

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given, having offered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root दा (dā) 'to give' + suffix -tvā.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Describes a preceding action by the śūdra.

द्विजातिभ्यः (dvijātibhyaḥ) - to the twice-born, to brahmins

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (a brahmin, kṣatriya, or vaiśya, but especially a brahmin)

Compound of dvi (two) and jāti (birth, class).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jāti – birth, family, lineage, class
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root जन् (jan) 'to be born'.
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Indirect object of `dattvā`.

शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a śūdra, member of the laborer/service class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - a śūdra, member of the laborer or service class

Note: Subject of `pramucyate`.

पापात् (pāpāt) - from sin, from evil

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, wickedness; sinful, evil

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Indicates separation from.

प्रमुच्यते (pramucyate) - is liberated, is freed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of pramucya

Present passive 3rd singular

Derived from prefix प्र (pra) + root मुच् (muc) 'to free, release'.

Prefix: pra

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.