महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-89, verse-9

तस्मात्सर्वसमारम्भो दुर्लभः पुरुषव्रजः ।
यथामुख्यान्सान्त्वयित्वा भोक्तव्य इतरो जनः ॥९॥

9. tasmātsarvasamārambho durlabhaḥ puruṣavrajaḥ ,
yathāmukhyānsāntvayitvā bhoktavya itaro janaḥ.

9. tasmāt sarvasamārambhaḥ durlabhaḥ puruṣavrajaḥ
yathāmukhyān sāntvayitvā bhoktavyaḥ itaraḥ janaḥ

9. tasmāt sarvasamārambhaḥ puruṣavrajaḥ durlabhaḥ
yathāmukhyān sāntvayitvā itaraḥ janaḥ bhoktavyaḥ

9. Therefore, it is rare to find a multitude of people engaged in all undertakings. Having conciliated the leaders, the rest of the populace should be governed.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

• सर्वसमारम्भः (sarvasamārambhaḥ) - an undertaking involving everyone (all undertakings, comprehensive initiative, universal enterprise)

• दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - rare (difficult to find) (difficult to obtain, rare, hard to find)

• पुरुषव्रजः (puruṣavrajaḥ) - multitude of people (multitude of men, assembly of people)

• यथामुख्यान् (yathāmukhyān) - the leaders (according to the chiefs, the principal ones, the leaders)

• सान्त्वयित्वा (sāntvayitvā) - having appeased (having conciliated, having appeased, having comforted)

• भोक्तव्यः (bhoktavyaḥ) - should be governed/managed (to be enjoyed, to be used, to be governed/managed, to be consumed)

• इतरः (itaraḥ) - the other, the remaining (other, different, remaining)

• जनः (janaḥ) - populace, people (person, people, man, folk)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

(indeclinable)

Used here as an indeclinable 'tasmāt' (from that, therefore)

Note: Ablative singular of `tad` used as an indeclinable.

सर्वसमारम्भः (sarvasamārambhaḥ) - an undertaking involving everyone (all undertakings, comprehensive initiative, universal enterprise)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvasamārambha

sarvasamārambha - universal undertaking, comprehensive enterprise

Tatpuruṣa compound: sarva (all) + samārambha (undertaking)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+samārambha)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• samārambha – undertaking, enterprise, commencement
  noun (masculine)
  From root rabh (to take, to begin) with prefixes sam and ā
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: rabh (class 1)

दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - rare (difficult to find) (difficult to obtain, rare, hard to find)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, rare, hard to find

Gerundive (implied 'labhya')

A negative karmadhāraya compound: dur (difficult) + labha (obtainable). From root labh (to obtain)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+labha)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
• labha – obtaining, acquisition, gain
  noun (masculine)
  From root labh (to obtain)
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'puruṣavrajāḥ' and 'sarvasamārambhaḥ'.

पुरुषव्रजः (puruṣavrajaḥ) - multitude of people (multitude of men, assembly of people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣavraja

puruṣavraja - multitude of men, crowd of people

Tatpuruṣa compound: puruṣa (man, person) + vraja (herd, flock, multitude)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vraja)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• vraja – herd, flock, multitude, assembly, group
  noun (masculine)
  From root vraj (to go)
  Root: vraj (class 1)

यथामुख्यान् (yathāmukhyān) - the leaders (according to the chiefs, the principal ones, the leaders)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yathāmukhya

yathāmukhya - according to the chief/principal, the leaders

Avyayībhāva or Tatpuruṣa compound: yathā (as, according to) + mukhya (chief, principal)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+mukhya)

• yathā – as, according to, in which way
  indeclinable
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost, leader
  adjective (masculine)
  From mukha (face, chief part)

Note: Object of `sāntvayitvā`.

सान्त्वयित्वा (sāntvayitvā) - having appeased (having conciliated, having appeased, having comforted)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From root sāntv (to console) + itvā suffix

Root: sāntv (class 10)

भोक्तव्यः (bhoktavyaḥ) - should be governed/managed (to be enjoyed, to be used, to be governed/managed, to be consumed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhoktavya

bhoktavya - to be enjoyed, to be consumed, to be experienced, to be managed, to be ruled

Gerundive (kṛtya)

From root bhuj (to enjoy, eat, rule, use) + tavya suffix

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Predicate adjective for `itaraḥ janaḥ`.

इतरः (itaraḥ) - the other, the remaining (other, different, remaining)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of itara

itara - other, different, the rest

Note: Modifies `janaḥ`.

जनः (janaḥ) - populace, people (person, people, man, folk)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - man, person, people, race

From root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of `bhoktavyaḥ`.