महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-89, verse-22

दण्ड्यास्ते च महाराज धनादानप्रयोजनाः ।
प्रयोगं कारयेयुस्तान्यथा बलिकरांस्तथा ॥२२॥

22. daṇḍyāste ca mahārāja dhanādānaprayojanāḥ ,
prayogaṁ kārayeyustānyathā balikarāṁstathā.

22. daṇḍyāḥ te ca mahārāja dhanādānaprayojanāḥ
prayogaṃ kārayeyuḥ tān yathā balikārān tathā

22. mahārāja ca te dhanādānaprayojanāḥ daṇḍyāḥ
tān yathā balikārān tathā prayogaṃ kārayeyuḥ

22. And, O great king, those whose sole purpose is the acquisition of wealth should be punished. One should make them perform tasks, just as one makes tax collectors work.

Words meanings summery:

• दण्ड्याः (daṇḍyāḥ) - should be punished (referring to those greedy for wealth) (punishable, deserving punishment, to be punished)

• ते (te) - they (referring to the avaricious people) (they, those)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (addressing the listener) (O great king, great king)

• धनादानप्रयोजनाः (dhanādānaprayojanāḥ) - those whose sole purpose is the acquisition of wealth (whose purpose is the taking of wealth, having wealth acquisition as their aim)

• प्रयोगं (prayogaṁ) - tasks, employment (application, use, employment, task)

• कारयेयुः (kārayeyuḥ) - they (the authorities) should make them perform tasks/employ them (they should cause to do, they should employ)

• तान् (tān) - them (the avaricious people) (them, those)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, according to)

• बलिकारान् (balikārān) - tax collectors (tax-gatherers, those who collect taxes)

• तथा (tathā) - likewise, so also (so, thus, likewise)

Words meanings and morphology

दण्ड्याः (daṇḍyāḥ) - should be punished (referring to those greedy for wealth) (punishable, deserving punishment, to be punished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daṇḍya

daṇḍya - punishable, to be punished, deserving punishment

Gerundive (Kartṛkarmaṇi Prayoga)

From root `daṇḍ` (to punish) + suffix `-ya` (gerundive suffix, indicating "to be done" or "fit to be done").

Root: daṇḍ (class 1)

Note: Refers to `te dhanādānaprayojanāḥ`.

ते (te) - they (referring to the avaricious people) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (addressing the listener) (O great king, great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

धनादानप्रयोजनाः (dhanādānaprayojanāḥ) - those whose sole purpose is the acquisition of wealth (whose purpose is the taking of wealth, having wealth acquisition as their aim)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhanādānaprayojana

dhanādānaprayojana - whose object is taking wealth, whose purpose is wealth acquisition

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhana+ādāna+prayojana)

• dhana – wealth, riches, money
  noun (neuter)
• ādāna – taking, acquiring, receiving
  noun (verbal derivative) (neuter)
  action noun
  From `ā` (upasarga) + root `dā` (to give) + `ana` suffix; here, means 'taking'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dā (class 3)
• prayojana – purpose, aim, object, motive
  noun (neuter)
  From `pra` (upasarga) + root `yuj` (to join, to employ)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies `te`.

प्रयोगं (prayogaṁ) - tasks, employment (application, use, employment, task)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prayoga

prayoga - application, use, employment, practice, experiment

action noun

From `pra` (upasarga) + root `yuj` (to join, apply) + `a` suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Object of `kārayeyuḥ`.

कारयेयुः (kārayeyuḥ) - they (the authorities) should make them perform tasks/employ them (they should cause to do, they should employ)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ

Causative Optative 3rd person plural

Causative stem `kārayati` from root `kṛ`. Optative ending `eyuḥ`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Implies the king/authorities are the agents.

तान् (tān) - them (the avaricious people) (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

Note: Object of the causative verb `kārayeyuḥ`.

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, according to)

(indeclinable)

बलिकारान् (balikārān) - tax collectors (tax-gatherers, those who collect taxes)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of balikāra

balikāra - tax-gatherer, revenue collector

agent noun

From `bali` (tax) + `kāra` (doer, maker).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bali+kāra)

• bali – tax, tribute, offering, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
• kāra – doer, maker, performer
  noun (verbal derivative) (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root `kṛ` (to do) + `a` suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of implied `kārayeyuḥ` or comparison with `tān`.

तथा (tathā) - likewise, so also (so, thus, likewise)

(indeclinable)