महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-89, verse-24

नरश्चेत्कृषिगोरक्ष्यं वाणिज्यं चाप्यनुष्ठितः ।
संशयं लभते किंचित्तेन राजा विगर्ह्यते ॥२४॥

24. naraścetkṛṣigorakṣyaṁ vāṇijyaṁ cāpyanuṣṭhitaḥ ,
saṁśayaṁ labhate kiṁcittena rājā vigarhyate.

24. naraḥ cet kṛṣigorakṣyam vāṇijyam ca api anuṣṭhitaḥ
saṃśayam labhate kiṃcit tena rājā vigarhyate

24. cet naraḥ kṛṣigorakṣyam vāṇijyam ca api anuṣṭhitaḥ
kiṃcit saṃśayam labhate tena rājā vigarhyate

24. If a man, having undertaken agriculture, cattle rearing, and trade, encounters any difficulty, then the king is blamed for that.

Words meanings summery:

• नरः (naraḥ) - a man (man, person)

• चेत् (cet) - if

• कृषिगोरक्ष्यम् (kṛṣigorakṣyam) - agriculture and cattle rearing

• वाणिज्यम् (vāṇijyam) - trade (trade, commerce)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too)

• अनुष्ठितः (anuṣṭhitaḥ) - having undertaken/performed (agriculture, etc.) (performed, undertaken, observed)

• संशयम् (saṁśayam) - difficulty, trouble (doubt, uncertainty, risk, danger, difficulty)

• लभते (labhate) - he encounters, he obtains (he obtains, he gets, he gains)

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - any (difficulty) (any, some)

• तेन (tena) - for that (reason), by that (difficulty) (by that, on account of that)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (king)

• विगर्ह्यते (vigarhyate) - is blamed (is blamed, is censured, is denounced)

Words meanings and morphology

नरः (naraḥ) - a man (man, person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Note: Subject of `labhate`.

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

कृषिगोरक्ष्यम् (kṛṣigorakṣyam) - agriculture and cattle rearing

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛṣigorakṣya

kṛṣigorakṣya - agriculture and cattle rearing

Dvandva compound of `kṛṣi` and `gorakṣya`.

Compound type : dvandva (kṛṣi+gorakṣya)

• kṛṣi – agriculture, cultivation, farming
  noun (feminine)
  From root `kṛṣ` (to plow).
  Root: kṛṣ (class 1)
• gorakṣya – cattle rearing, cow protection
  noun (neuter)
  gerundive/noun
  From `go` (cow) + root `rakṣ` (to protect) + `ya` suffix; meaning 'that which is to be protected' or 'the act of protecting cows'.
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of implied verbal action related to `anuṣṭhitaḥ`.

वाणिज्यम् (vāṇijyam) - trade (trade, commerce)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vāṇijya

vāṇijya - trade, commerce, merchandising

Derived from `vaṇij` (merchant).

Note: Object of implied verbal action related to `anuṣṭhitaḥ`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `vāṇijyam` to the previous list of activities.

अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

अनुष्ठितः (anuṣṭhitaḥ) - having undertaken/performed (agriculture, etc.) (performed, undertaken, observed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anuṣṭhita

anuṣṭhita - performed, undertaken, accomplished, observed

Past Passive Participle

From `anu` (upasarga) + root `sthā` (to stand) + `kta` suffix (past passive participle). `ṣṭha` transformation occurs due to `anu`.

Prefix: anu

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to the agent `naraḥ` in an active sense ('having performed').

संशयम् (saṁśayam) - difficulty, trouble (doubt, uncertainty, risk, danger, difficulty)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, risk, danger, difficulty, hesitation

action noun

From `sam` (upasarga) + root `śī` (to lie, doubt) + `a` suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Object of `labhate`.

लभते (labhate) - he encounters, he obtains (he obtains, he gets, he gains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle (ātmanepada), present (laṭ) of labh

Present 3rd person singular Ātmanepada

Root `labh` (to obtain).

Root: labh (class 1)

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - any (difficulty) (any, some)

(indeclinable)

Formed from `kim` (what) + `cid` (particle).

Note: Modifies `saṃśayam`.

तेन (tena) - for that (reason), by that (difficulty) (by that, on account of that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Indicates the cause of the king being blamed.

राजा (rājā) - the king (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 10)

Note: Subject of `vigarhyate`.

विगर्ह्यते (vigarhyate) - is blamed (is blamed, is censured, is denounced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of garh

Present 3rd person singular Passive Ātmanepada

Passive stem `garhyate` from root `garh` (to blame) + `vi` (upasarga).

Prefix: vi

Root: garh (class 1)