महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-317, verse-4

अनिष्टसंप्रयोगाच्च विप्रयोगात्प्रियस्य च ।
मनुष्या मानसैर्दुःखैर्युज्यन्ते अल्पबुद्धयः ॥४॥

4. aniṣṭasaṁprayogācca viprayogātpriyasya ca ,
manuṣyā mānasairduḥkhairyujyante alpabuddhayaḥ.

4. aniṣṭa-saṃprayogāt ca viprayogāt priyasya ca
manuṣyāḥ mānasaiḥ duḥkhaiḥ yujyante alpa-buddhayaḥ

4. aniṣṭa-saṃprayogāt ca priyasya viprayogāt ca
alpa-buddhayaḥ manuṣyāḥ mānasaiḥ duḥkhaiḥ yujyante

4. Due to association with undesirable things and separation from those who are dear, people of limited intellect (buddhi) are afflicted by mental sufferings.

Words meanings summery:

• अनिष्ट-संप्रयोगात् (aniṣṭa-saṁprayogāt) - from contact/association with undesirable things

• च (ca) - and

• विप्रयोगात् (viprayogāt) - from separation

• प्रियस्य (priyasya) - of the dear one, of what is beloved

• च (ca) - and

• मनुष्याः (manuṣyāḥ) - humans, people

• मानसैः (mānasaiḥ) - by mental, by spiritual

• दुःखैः (duḥkhaiḥ) - by sorrows, by sufferings

• युज्यन्ते (yujyante) - they are joined, they are afflicted, they are connected

• अल्प-बुद्धयः (alpa-buddhayaḥ) - those of little intellect, dull-witted

Words meanings and morphology

अनिष्ट-संप्रयोगात् (aniṣṭa-saṁprayogāt) - from contact/association with undesirable things

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of aniṣṭa-saṃprayoga

aniṣṭa-saṁprayoga - contact with undesirable things

Compound type : tatpurusha (aniṣṭa+saṃprayoga)

• aniṣṭa – undesirable, unpleasant, evil
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Negative prefix 'an-' + 'iṣṭa' (desired, from root 'iṣ').
  Root: iṣ (class 6)
• saṃprayoga – union, conjunction, contact, association
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'yuj' (to join) with prefixes 'sam-' and 'pra-'.
  Prefixes: sam+pra
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Indicates cause or source.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

विप्रयोगात् (viprayogāt) - from separation

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of viprayoga

viprayoga - separation, disjunction, absence

From root 'yuj' (to join) with prefixes 'vi-' and 'pra-'.

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Indicates cause or source.

प्रियस्य (priyasya) - of the dear one, of what is beloved

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing; a dear person

Note: Qualifies `viprayogāt` as separation *of* the dear.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

मनुष्याः (manuṣyāḥ) - humans, people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - human, person, man

Derived from 'manu'.

Note: Subject of 'yujyante'.

मानसैः (mānasaiḥ) - by mental, by spiritual

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mānasa

mānasa - mental, spiritual, relating to the mind

From 'manas' (mind).

Note: Agrees with `duḥkhaiḥ`.

दुःखैः (duḥkhaiḥ) - by sorrows, by sufferings

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery

Note: The means by which they are afflicted.

युज्यन्ते (yujyante) - they are joined, they are afflicted, they are connected

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of yuj

Present Passive

Root 'yuj' (to join), present 3rd person plural passive.

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: The subject is `manuṣyāḥ` and `alpa-buddhayaḥ`.

अल्प-बुद्धयः (alpa-buddhayaḥ) - those of little intellect, dull-witted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of alpa-buddhi

alpa-buddhi - of little intellect, dull-witted

Compound type : bahuvrihi (alpa+buddhi)

• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective (neuter)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, wisdom
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'budh' (to know, understand).
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `manuṣyāḥ`.