महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-317, verse-10

नाश्रु कुर्वन्ति ये बुद्ध्या दृष्ट्वा लोकेषु संततिम् ।
सम्यक्प्रपश्यतः सर्वं नाश्रुकर्मोपपद्यते ॥१०॥

10. nāśru kurvanti ye buddhyā dṛṣṭvā lokeṣu saṁtatim ,
samyakprapaśyataḥ sarvaṁ nāśrukarmopapadyate.

10. na aśru kurvanti ye buddhyā dṛṣṭvā lokeṣu saṃtatim
samyak prapaśyataḥ sarvam na aśrukarma upapadyate

10. ye buddhyā lokeṣu saṃtatim dṛṣṭvā aśru na kurvanti,
(teṣām) samyak sarvam prapaśyataḥ aśrukarma na upapadyate

10. Those who, with discernment (buddhi), do not shed tears upon observing the cycles of generations in the world – for one who perceives everything properly, the act of weeping is not appropriate.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• अश्रु (aśru) - tear, weeping

• कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they do, they make

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intelligence, by understanding, by discernment

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds, among people

• संततिम् (saṁtatim) - the cycle of birth and death or generations (progeny, offspring, continuity, succession, cycle)

• सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, completely, correctly

• प्रपश्यतः (prapaśyataḥ) - of one who sees/perceives properly

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

• न (na) - not, no

• अश्रुकर्म (aśrukarma) - act of weeping/shedding tears

• उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - is appropriate, occurs, is suitable

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अश्रु (aśru) - tear, weeping

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aśru

aśru - tear, weeping

Note: Object of 'kurvanti'

कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they do, they make

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intelligence, by understanding, by discernment

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intelligence, understanding, intellect, discernment

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

formed with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, public

संततिम् (saṁtatim) - the cycle of birth and death or generations (progeny, offspring, continuity, succession, cycle)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saṃtati

saṁtati - progeny, offspring, continuity, succession, lineage

Prefix: sam

Root: tan (class 8)

सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, completely, correctly

(indeclinable)

प्रपश्यतः (prapaśyataḥ) - of one who sees/perceives properly

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of prapaśyat

prapaśyat - seeing, perceiving, observing

Present Active Participle

Prefix: pra

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अश्रुकर्म (aśrukarma) - act of weeping/shedding tears

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aśrukarman

aśrukarman - act of weeping, shedding tears

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (aśru+karman)

• aśru – tear
  noun (neuter)
• karman – action, deed, work
  noun (neuter)

उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - is appropriate, occurs, is suitable

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of upapad

Prefix: upa

Root: pad (class 4)