महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-317, verse-23

भूतेष्वभावं संचिन्त्य ये बुद्ध्वा तमसः परम् ।
न शोचन्ति गताध्वानः पश्यन्तः परमां गतिम् ॥२३॥

23. bhūteṣvabhāvaṁ saṁcintya ye buddhvā tamasaḥ param ,
na śocanti gatādhvānaḥ paśyantaḥ paramāṁ gatim.

23. bhūteṣu abhāvam saṃcintya ye buddhvā tamasaḥ param
na śocanti gatādhvānaḥ paśyantaḥ paramām gatim

23. ye bhūteṣu abhāvam saṃcintya tamasaḥ param buddhvā
gatādhvānaḥ paramām gatim paśyantaḥ na śocanti

23. Those who, having profoundly contemplated the impermanence of all beings and having realized that which is beyond darkness (tamas), do not grieve, for they have traversed the path and perceive the supreme goal.

Words meanings summery:

• भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - regarding all living beings or existent entities (in beings, in elements, in creatures)

• अभावम् (abhāvam) - impermanence, transient nature (non-existence, absence, destruction, impermanence)

• संचिन्त्य (saṁcintya) - having reflected deeply, having contemplated well

• ये (ye) - who (plural), those who

• बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having understood, having realized, having known

• तमसः (tamasaḥ) - from ignorance or material darkness (from darkness, of darkness)

• परम् (param) - that which is beyond (beyond, higher, supreme)

• न (na) - not, no

• शोचन्ति (śocanti) - they grieve, they lament

• गताध्वानः (gatādhvānaḥ) - those who have reached the end of their spiritual journey (those who have traversed the path, those who have completed their journey)

• पश्यन्तः (paśyantaḥ) - seeing, perceiving

• परमाम् (paramām) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• गतिम् (gatim) - the supreme goal or destination (state, goal, movement, course, destiny)

Words meanings and morphology

भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - regarding all living beings or existent entities (in beings, in elements, in creatures)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, existing, past (PPP of √bhū)

Past Passive Participle

from √bhū (to be, to become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

अभावम् (abhāvam) - impermanence, transient nature (non-existence, absence, destruction, impermanence)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhāva

abhāva - non-existence, absence, non-being, cessation, destruction, impermanence

Negative of `bhāva` (existence)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhāva)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• bhāva – existence, being, state, nature, feeling
  noun (masculine)
  from √bhū (to be, to become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of `saṃcintya`.

संचिन्त्य (saṁcintya) - having reflected deeply, having contemplated well

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from saṃ-√cit (class 10), with `lyaP` suffix

Prefix: sam

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

ये (ye) - who (plural), those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

relative pronoun

Note: Subject of `na śocanti`.

बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having understood, having realized, having known

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from √budh (class 1 or 4)

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

तमसः (tamasaḥ) - from ignorance or material darkness (from darkness, of darkness)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, primordial matter (one of the three guṇas)

Note: Governed by `param` (beyond).

परम् (param) - that which is beyond (beyond, higher, supreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, distant, supreme, ultimate, higher, beyond

Note: Meaning 'that which is beyond' or 'the supreme thing'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शोचन्ति (śocanti) - they grieve, they lament

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of śuc

present indicative

3rd person plural present active, class 1 (Pāṇinian)

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the relative clause.

गताध्वानः (gatādhvānaḥ) - those who have reached the end of their spiritual journey (those who have traversed the path, those who have completed their journey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gatādhvan

gatādhvan - one who has traversed the path, one who has completed a journey

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+adhvan)

• gata – gone, arrived, passed, obtained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• adhvan – path, road, journey, course
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `ye`.

पश्यन्तः (paśyantaḥ) - seeing, perceiving

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, observing, perceiving, looking

Present Active Participle

from √dṛś (to see), with suppletive stem `paśya-`

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `ye`.

परमाम् (paramām) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, ultimate, greatest, best

superlative of para (other, distant)

Note: Agrees with `gatim`.

गतिम् (gatim) - the supreme goal or destination (state, goal, movement, course, destiny)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, path, course, condition, state, goal, refuge

from √gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of `paśyantaḥ`.