महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-283, verse-10

तेषां दर्पः समभवत्प्रजानां धर्मनाशनः ।
दर्पात्मनां ततः क्रोधः पुनस्तेषामजायत ॥१०॥

10. teṣāṁ darpaḥ samabhavatprajānāṁ dharmanāśanaḥ ,
darpātmanāṁ tataḥ krodhaḥ punasteṣāmajāyata.

10. teṣām darpaḥ samabhavat prajānām dharmanāśanaḥ
| darpātmanām tataḥ krodhaḥ punaḥ teṣām ajāyata

10. teṣām prajānām dharmanāśanaḥ darpaḥ samabhavat
tataḥ darpātmanām teṣām punaḥ krodhaḥ ajāyata

10. Arrogance (darpa) arose in them, which destroyed the natural law (dharma) of the people. Subsequently, anger was again born in those who were possessed by such arrogance.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, for them

• दर्पः (darpaḥ) - pride, arrogance, insolence

• समभवत् (samabhavat) - arose, became, occurred

• प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the people, of creatures, of offspring

• धर्मनाशनः (dharmanāśanaḥ) - destroyer of natural law, ruining constitution

• दर्पात्मनाम् (darpātmanām) - of those whose nature is pride, of the proud-minded

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, subsequently

• क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger, wrath

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, for them

• अजायत (ajāyata) - was born, arose, appeared

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, for them

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Forms for all genders are the same in genitive plural.

दर्पः (darpaḥ) - pride, arrogance, insolence

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of darpa

darpa - pride, arrogance, insolence

Root: dṛp (class 4)

समभवत् (samabhavat) - arose, became, occurred

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-bhū

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the people, of creatures, of offspring

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, people, subjects

Root: jan (class 4)

धर्मनाशनः (dharmanāśanaḥ) - destroyer of natural law, ruining constitution

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmanāśana

dharmanāśana - destroying natural law, ruinous to dharma

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+nāśana)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• nāśana – destroying, causing to perish
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/action noun
  From root naś (to perish) + -ana suffix
  Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'darpaḥ'.

दर्पात्मनाम् (darpātmanām) - of those whose nature is pride, of the proud-minded

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of darpātman

darpātman - one whose nature is pride, proud-minded

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (darpa+ātman)

• darpa – pride, arrogance
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dṛp (class 4)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'teṣām'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, subsequently

(indeclinable)

क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger, wrath

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, fury

Root: krudh (class 4)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

(indeclinable)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, for them

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Forms for all genders are the same in genitive plural.

अजायत (ajāyata) - was born, arose, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of jan

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Ātmanepada form.

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