महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-236, verse-15

चतुर्थश्चौपनिषदो धर्मः साधारणः स्मृतः ।
वानप्रस्थो गृहस्थश्च ततोऽन्यः संप्रवर्तते ॥१५॥

15. caturthaścaupaniṣado dharmaḥ sādhāraṇaḥ smṛtaḥ ,
vānaprastho gṛhasthaśca tato'nyaḥ saṁpravartate.

15. caturthaḥ ca aupaniṣadaḥ dharmaḥ sādhāraṇaḥ smṛtaḥ
vānaprasthaḥ gṛhasthaḥ ca tataḥ anyaḥ saṃpravartate

15. caturthaḥ aupaniṣadaḥ sādhāraṇaḥ dharmaḥ ca smṛtaḥ
tataḥ anyaḥ vānaprasthaḥ ca gṛhasthaḥ ca saṃpravartate

15. The fourth type of intrinsic nature (dharma) is remembered as the Upaniṣadic and common one. And then, as distinct from that, the stages of the forest-dweller (vānaprastha) and the householder (gṛhastha) commence.

Words meanings summery:

• चतुर्थः (caturthaḥ) - fourth

• च (ca) - and

• औपनिषदः (aupaniṣadaḥ) - relating to the Upaniṣads, esoteric, secret doctrine

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, religion

• साधारणः (sādhāraṇaḥ) - common, general, universal

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered, declared, considered

• वानप्रस्थः (vānaprasthaḥ) - one in the third stage of life (vānaprastha) (forest-dweller, hermit)

• गृहस्थः (gṛhasthaḥ) - one in the second stage of life (gṛhastha) (householder)

• च (ca) - and

• ततः (tataḥ) - from that, then, thereafter

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other, distinct, different

• संप्रवर्तते (saṁpravartate) - proceeds, originates, comes into being, continues

Words meanings and morphology

चतुर्थः (caturthaḥ) - fourth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of caturtha

caturtha - fourth (ordinal number)

Derived from `catur` (four).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

औपनिषदः (aupaniṣadaḥ) - relating to the Upaniṣads, esoteric, secret doctrine

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aupaniṣada

aupaniṣada - belonging to the Upaniṣads, esoteric, secret doctrine

Derived from `upaniṣad` by adding `aṇ` suffix.

Prefixes: upa+ni

Root: sad (class 1)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, religion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, virtue, religion, custom

From root `dhṛ` (to hold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

साधारणः (sādhāraṇaḥ) - common, general, universal

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sādhāraṇa

sādhāraṇa - common, general, universal, ordinary

Derived from `sādhāra` (holding together).

Root: dhṛ

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered, declared, considered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recalled, declared, taught

Past Passive Participle

From root `smṛ` (to remember) + past passive participle suffix `kta`.

Root: smṛ (class 1)

वानप्रस्थः (vānaprasthaḥ) - one in the third stage of life (vānaprastha) (forest-dweller, hermit)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānaprastha

vānaprastha - forest-dweller, hermit, one in the third stage of life (vānaprastha āśrama)

Compound: `vana` (forest) + `prastha` (standing, situated in).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+prastha)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• prastha – standing, situated in, a place, path
  noun (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sthā (class 1)

गृहस्थः (gṛhasthaḥ) - one in the second stage of life (gṛhastha) (householder)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛhastha

gṛhastha - householder, one in the second stage of life (gṛhastha āśrama)

Compound: `gṛha` (house) + `stha` (standing, situated in).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gṛha+stha)

• gṛha – house, home
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, situated in
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

ततः (tataḥ) - from that, then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

Ablative of `tad` used as an indeclinable adverb.

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other, distinct, different

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, different, another

Indefinite pronoun/adjective.

Note: Refers to another path/stage.

संप्रवर्तते (saṁpravartate) - proceeds, originates, comes into being, continues

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of saṃpravṛt

Present Middle

From root `vṛt` with prefixes `sam` and `pra`. Present Middle (ātmanepada), 3rd person singular.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)