महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-228, verse-37

अथ योगाद्विमुच्यन्ते कारणैर्यैर्निबोध मे ।
योगैश्वर्यमतिक्रान्तो योऽतिक्रामति मुच्यते ॥३७॥

37. atha yogādvimucyante kāraṇairyairnibodha me ,
yogaiśvaryamatikrānto yo'tikrāmati mucyate.

37. atha yogāt vimucyante kāraṇaiḥ yaiḥ nibodha me
yogaiśvaryam atikrāntaḥ yaḥ atikrāmati mucyate

37. atha yogāt vimucyante kāraṇaiḥ yaiḥ nibodha me
yogaiśvaryam atikrāntaḥ yaḥ atikrāmati mucyate

37. Now, learn from me the principles by which people are liberated (mokṣa) from (the attachments of) yoga (yoga). He who transcends the spiritual mastery (aiśvarya) of yoga (yoga)—he truly transcends, and he is liberated (mokṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - now (now, then, thereupon, moreover)

• योगात् (yogāt) - from the attachments/effects of yoga (yoga) (from yoga, through yoga, by means of yoga (yoga))

• विमुच्यन्ते (vimucyante) - they are liberated (mokṣa) (they are liberated, released, set free (mokṣa))

• कारणैः (kāraṇaiḥ) - by the principles (by causes, by reasons, by means)

• यैः (yaiḥ) - by which (by which, by whom)

• निबोध (nibodha) - learn (from me) (understand, learn, perceive)

• मे (me) - from me (from me, to me, my)

• योगैश्वर्यम् (yogaiśvaryam) - spiritual mastery of yoga (yoga) (mastery of yoga, spiritual power gained from yoga (yoga))

• अतिक्रान्तः (atikrāntaḥ) - one who has transcended (one who has surpassed, transcended, overcome)

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, he who, whoever)

• अतिक्रामति (atikrāmati) - he truly transcends (he transcends, surpasses, crosses over)

• मुच्यते (mucyate) - is liberated (mokṣa) (is liberated, is released, is set free (mokṣa))

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - now (now, then, thereupon, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Particle of inauguration or transition.

योगात् (yogāt) - from the attachments/effects of yoga (yoga) (from yoga, through yoga, by means of yoga (yoga))

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of yoga

yoga - union, conjunction, application, practice, meditation, spiritual discipline, effort (yoga)

From root yuj (to join).

Root: yuj (class 7)

विमुच्यन्ते (vimucyante) - they are liberated (mokṣa) (they are liberated, released, set free (mokṣa))

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of vimuc

Present passive

From vi-muc (to release). 4th conjugation (passive form).

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Subject is implied 'people' or 'sages'.

कारणैः (kāraṇaiḥ) - by the principles (by causes, by reasons, by means)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, means, instrument

Neuter noun.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Adverbial use, 'by means of'.

यैः (yaiḥ) - by which (by which, by whom)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yat

yat - which, what, who; that

Relative pronoun.

निबोध (nibodha) - learn (from me) (understand, learn, perceive)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of nibudh

Imperative active

From ni-budh (to awaken, perceive). 1st conjugation.

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

मे (me) - from me (from me, to me, my)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Personal pronoun.

Note: Functions as 'from me' in this context.

योगैश्वर्यम् (yogaiśvaryam) - spiritual mastery of yoga (yoga) (mastery of yoga, spiritual power gained from yoga (yoga))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yogaiśvarya

yogaiśvarya - the state of being a master of yoga; spiritual power, mastery gained through yoga (yoga)

Tatpuruṣa compound of yoga (yoga) and aiśvarya (mastery, power).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (yoga+aiśvarya)

• yoga – union, spiritual discipline, practice (yoga)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• aiśvarya – sovereignty, dominion, power, mastery, wealth
  noun (neuter)
  From īśvara (lord).

अतिक्रान्तः (atikrāntaḥ) - one who has transcended (one who has surpassed, transcended, overcome)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atikrānta

atikrānta - surpassed, transcended, gone beyond, overcome

Past Passive Participle

From ati-kram (to step over, surpass).

Prefix: ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Acts as a predicate for 'yaḥ'.

यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, he who, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yat

yat - who, which, what; that

Relative pronoun.

अतिक्रामति (atikrāmati) - he truly transcends (he transcends, surpasses, crosses over)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of atikram

Present active

From ati-kram (to step). 1st conjugation.

Prefix: ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Recapitulates the idea of atikrāntaḥ.

मुच्यते (mucyate) - is liberated (mokṣa) (is liberated, is released, is set free (mokṣa))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of muc

Present passive

From root muc (to release). 4th conjugation (passive form).

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: The subject is yaḥ.