महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-228, verse-1

व्यास उवाच ।
अथ चेद्रोचयेदेतद्द्रुह्येत मनसा तथा ।
उन्मज्जंश्च निमज्जंश्च ज्ञानवान्प्लववान्भवेत् ॥१॥

1. vyāsa uvāca ,
atha cedrocayedetaddruhyeta manasā tathā ,
unmajjaṁśca nimajjaṁśca jñānavānplavavānbhavet.

1. Vyāsa uvāca atha ced rocayet etad druhyeta manasā
tathā unmajjan ca nimajjan ca jñānavān plavavān bhavet

1. Vyāsa uvāca atha cet etad rocayet,
(saḥ) tathā manasā druhyeta ca unmajjan ca nimajjan (hi) jñānavān plavavān bhavet

1. Vyāsa said: Now, if one were to approve of this [state of ignorance], one would thus harm oneself mentally. However, one who possesses knowledge (jñāna), by both rising up and sinking down, becomes like one with a vessel to cross over.

Words meanings summery:

• व्यास (vyāsa) - Vyāsa

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अथ (atha) - now, then

• चेत् (cet) - if

• रोचयेत् (rocayet) - one should approve, one should find pleasure in

• एतद् (etad) - referring to the previously mentioned state of ignorance and transmigration (saṃsāra) (this)

• द्रुह्येत (druhyeta) - one should harm, one should be hostile (to oneself)

• मनसा (manasā) - by the mind, with the mind

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• उन्मज्जन् (unmajjan) - rising up in the ups and downs of life (rising up, emerging)

• च (ca) - and

• निमज्जन् (nimajjan) - sinking down in the ups and downs of life (sinking down, immersing)

• च (ca) - and

• ज्ञानवान् (jñānavān) - knowledgeable, one possessing knowledge

• प्लववान् (plavavān) - one who has a means to navigate or cross over the difficulties of existence (having a boat/vessel, buoyant, capable of crossing)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - would become, should be

Words meanings and morphology

व्यास (vyāsa) - Vyāsa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Vyāsa

Vyāsa - Vyāsa (name of a revered sage, compiler of the Vedas and author of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - now, then

(indeclinable)

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

रोचयेत् (rocayet) - one should approve, one should find pleasure in

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of ruc

Root: ruc (class 1)

Note: Causative stem (rocaya-) used in optative mood.

एतद् (etad) - referring to the previously mentioned state of ignorance and transmigration (saṃsāra) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

द्रुह्येत (druhyeta) - one should harm, one should be hostile (to oneself)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of druh

Root: druh (class 4)

मनसा (manasā) - by the mind, with the mind

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, spirit

Root: man (class 4)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

उन्मज्जन् (unmajjan) - rising up in the ups and downs of life (rising up, emerging)

(verbal derivative)

Note: Present active participle.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

निमज्जन् (nimajjan) - sinking down in the ups and downs of life (sinking down, immersing)

(verbal derivative)

Note: Present active participle.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ज्ञानवान् (jñānavān) - knowledgeable, one possessing knowledge

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñānavat

jñānavat - possessing knowledge (jñāna), wise, intelligent

Derived with the possessive suffix -vat

प्लववान् (plavavān) - one who has a means to navigate or cross over the difficulties of existence (having a boat/vessel, buoyant, capable of crossing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of plavavat

plavavat - possessing a boat/vessel (plava), buoyant, capable of crossing

Derived with the possessive suffix -vat

भवेत् (bhavet) - would become, should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)