महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-228, verse-23

पृथिवीं कम्पयत्येको गुणो वायोरिति स्मृतः ।
आकाशभूतश्चाकाशे सवर्णत्वात्प्रणश्यति ॥२३॥

23. pṛthivīṁ kampayatyeko guṇo vāyoriti smṛtaḥ ,
ākāśabhūtaścākāśe savarṇatvātpraṇaśyati.

23. pṛthivīm kampayati ekaḥ guṇaḥ vāyoḥ iti smṛtaḥ
ākāśabhūtaḥ ca ākāśe savarṇatvāt praṇaśyati

23. vāyoḥ ekaḥ guṇaḥ pṛthivīm kampayati iti smṛtaḥ.
ca ākāśabhūtaḥ savarṇatvāt ākāśe praṇaśyati.

23. One quality (guṇa) of Vayu (Air) is considered to be that which causes the earth to tremble. And having become elemental space (ākāśa), it vanishes into space (ākāśa) due to its similarity in nature (savarṇatvāt).

Words meanings summery:

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth

• कम्पयति (kampayati) - causes to tremble, shakes

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one (one, a single)

• गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality (guṇa), attribute (quality, attribute, virtue, strand)

• वायोः (vāyoḥ) - of Vayu (the deity/element of Air) (of Vayu, of air/wind)

• इति (iti) - thus, considered as such (thus, so, in this way (marks quotation or conclusion))

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - considered, known (remembered, considered, traditional)

• आकाशभूतः (ākāśabhūtaḥ) - having become elemental space (ākāśa-bhūta) (having become space, turned into space)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• आकाशे (ākāśe) - in elemental space (ākāśa) (in space, in the sky)

• सवर्णत्वात् (savarṇatvāt) - due to its similarity in nature (savarṇatvāt) (due to similarity of color/nature, from being of the same class)

• प्रणश्यति (praṇaśyati) - vanishes, dissolves (perishes, vanishes, is destroyed)

Words meanings and morphology

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, world, soil

Root: pṛth

कम्पयति (kampayati) - causes to tremble, shakes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kamp

Present Active Indicative (Causative)

Causative stem from root kamp (to tremble), class 1, parasmaipada, 3rd person singular present

Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: This is the causative form of the verb.

एकः (ekaḥ) - one (one, a single)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, a single, unique, alone, uniform

Note: Agrees with guṇaḥ.

गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality (guṇa), attribute (quality, attribute, virtue, strand)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, property, excellence, virtue, secondary quality

Note: Subject of smṛtaḥ.

वायोः (vāyoḥ) - of Vayu (the deity/element of Air) (of Vayu, of air/wind)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air, the god of wind (Vayu), one of the five elements

Root: vā

Note: Possessive case for guṇaḥ.

इति (iti) - thus, considered as such (thus, so, in this way (marks quotation or conclusion))

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the preceding statement as a known fact or description.

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - considered, known (remembered, considered, traditional)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, thought of, traditionally known, taught in Smriti

Past Passive Participle

root smṛ (to remember), suffix -ta

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with guṇaḥ. Implies "it is remembered" or "it is known".

आकाशभूतः (ākāśabhūtaḥ) - having become elemental space (ākāśa-bhūta) (having become space, turned into space)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ākāśabhūta

ākāśabhūta - become space, turned into space

Compound type : tatpurusha (ākāśa+bhūta)

• ākāśa – ether, space, sky, elemental space
  noun (masculine)
• bhūta – become, existed, an elemental being, element
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root bhū (to be, become), suffix -ta
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Describes Vayu.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two clauses.

आकाशे (ākāśe) - in elemental space (ākāśa) (in space, in the sky)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - ether, space, sky, elemental space

Note: Locative case, indicating location.

सवर्णत्वात् (savarṇatvāt) - due to its similarity in nature (savarṇatvāt) (due to similarity of color/nature, from being of the same class)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of savarṇatva

savarṇatva - state of being of the same color/class/kind/nature, similarity in sound (phonetics)

derived from 'savarṇa' (of the same color/class/kind) with the abstract suffix '-tva'.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sa+varṇa)

• sa – with, together with, similar
  prefix/indeclinable
  prefix implying 'together' or 'similar'
• varṇa – color, class, caste, sound, letter, quality
  noun (masculine)
• tva – ness, hood (abstract suffix)
  suffix (neuter)
  abstract noun suffix

Note: Denotes cause or reason.

प्रणश्यति (praṇaśyati) - vanishes, dissolves (perishes, vanishes, is destroyed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of praṇaś

Present Active Indicative

root naś (to perish) with prefix pra, class 4, parasmaipada, 3rd person singular present

Prefix: pra

Root: naś (class 4)