महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-216, verse-28

त्वं तु प्राकृतया बुद्ध्या पुरंदर विकत्थसे ।
यदाहमिव भावी त्वं तदा नैवं वदिष्यसि ॥२८॥

28. tvaṁ tu prākṛtayā buddhyā puraṁdara vikatthase ,
yadāhamiva bhāvī tvaṁ tadā naivaṁ vadiṣyasi.

28. tvam tu prākṛtayā buddhyā purandara vikatthase
yadā aham iva bhāvī tvam tadā na evam vadiṣyasi

28. tu purandara tvam prākṛtayā buddhyā vikatthase
yadā tvam aham iva bhāvī tadā evam na vadiṣyasi

28. But you, O Purandara (Purandara), boast with an ordinary understanding. When you become like me, then you will not speak thus.

Words meanings summery:

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand

• प्राकृतया (prākṛtayā) - by an ordinary, by a natural, by a common

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, by understanding, by discernment

• पुरन्दर (purandara) - O Purandara, O destroyer of cities

• विकत्थसे (vikatthase) - you boast, you vaunt, you praise yourself

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• अहम् (aham) - I

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• भावी (bhāvī) - will be, becoming, future

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• न (na) - not, no

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• वदिष्यसि (vadiṣyasi) - you will speak, you will say

Words meanings and morphology

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

प्राकृतया (prākṛtayā) - by an ordinary, by a natural, by a common

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prākṛta

prākṛta - natural, ordinary, common, vulgar, pertaining to prakṛti

Note: Qualifies 'buddhyā'.

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, by understanding, by discernment

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, reason, discernment

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Means by which one acts/speaks.

पुरन्दर (purandara) - O Purandara, O destroyer of cities

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of purandara

purandara - destroyer of cities, epithet of Indra

Compound type : Upapada Tatpuruṣa (pura+dara)

• pura – city, fortress
  noun (neuter)
• dara – breaking, destroying
  nominal derivative (masculine)
  Derived from root dṛ (Class 1) with suffix -a.
  Root: dṛ (class 1)

Note: Direct address, refers to Indra.

विकत्थसे (vikatthase) - you boast, you vaunt, you praise yourself

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of katth

Second person singular present middle of root katth (Class 1), with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: katth (class 1)

Note: Action of the addressed person.

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Nominative singular form of 'mad'.

Note: Compared to 'tvam'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Expresses similarity.

भावी (bhāvī) - will be, becoming, future

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāvin

bhāvin - being, becoming, future, one who will be

Future Active Participle

Derived from root bhū with suffix -in.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective with implied 'asi'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the manner of boasting.

वदिष्यसि (vadiṣyasi) - you will speak, you will say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vad

Second person singular future active of root vad (Class 1).

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: The main verb of the 'tadā' clause.