महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-216, verse-22

यदा तु पृथिवीं सर्वां यजमानोऽनुपर्ययाः ।
शम्याक्षेपेण विधिना तदासीत्किं नु ते हृदि ॥२२॥

22. yadā tu pṛthivīṁ sarvāṁ yajamāno'nuparyayāḥ ,
śamyākṣepeṇa vidhinā tadāsītkiṁ nu te hṛdi.

22. yadā tu pṛthivīm sarvām yajamānaḥ anuparyayāḥ
śamyākṣepeṇa vidhinā tat āsīt kim nu te hṛdi

22. yadā tu yajamānaḥ śamyākṣepeṇa vidhinā sarvām
pṛthivīm anuparyayāḥ tadā te hṛdi kim nu āsīt

22. But when you, the sacrificer, circumambulated the entire earth by the method of throwing a staff, what then was truly in your heart?

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - Temporal conjunction introducing a past event. (when, at what time)

• तु (tu) - Conjunction, adding emphasis or slight contrast. (but, indeed, however)

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - The planet earth, the land. (earth, ground)

• सर्वाम् (sarvām) - Modifying 'earth', indicating its totality. (whole, entire, all)

• यजमानः (yajamānaḥ) - Referring to Bali in his role as a sacrificer. (sacrificer, performing a sacrifice)

• अनुपर्ययाः (anuparyayāḥ) - Referring to Bali's ritual circumambulation of the earth. (you circumambulated, you went around)

• शम्याक्षेपेण (śamyākṣepeṇa) - Describing the specific ritual method of circumambulation. (by the throwing of a staff/stick)

• विधिना (vidhinā) - Indicating that the circumambulation was done according to ritual prescription. (by method, by rule, by ordinance)

• तत् (tat) - Referring to 'at that time', used adverbially. (that, then)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - Past state of something in the heart. (was, existed)

• किम् (kim) - An interrogative pronoun, asking about content of heart. (what?, why?)

• नु (nu) - Emphasizing the question. (indeed, now, then (interrogative particle))

• ते (te) - Referring to Bali. (to you, for you, your)

• हृदि (hṛdi) - Figurative location of intentions or thoughts. (in the heart)

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - Temporal conjunction introducing a past event. (when, at what time)

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - Conjunction, adding emphasis or slight contrast. (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - The planet earth, the land. (earth, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, world

सर्वाम् (sarvām) - Modifying 'earth', indicating its totality. (whole, entire, all)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, entire

Note: Feminine accusative singular form.

यजमानः (yajamānaḥ) - Referring to Bali in his role as a sacrificer. (sacrificer, performing a sacrifice)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yajamāna

yajamāna - sacrificer, worshipper, one performing a sacrifice

present middle participle

Derived from root yaj with middle voice present participle ending.

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Present middle participle used as a noun.

अनुपर्ययाः (anuparyayāḥ) - Referring to Bali's ritual circumambulation of the earth. (you circumambulated, you went around)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of anu-pari-i

Combination of prefixes anu and pari with root i.

Prefixes: anu+pari

Root: i (class 2)

Note: The 'ḥ' is the marker for the 2nd person singular aorist active in some roots.

शम्याक्षेपेण (śamyākṣepeṇa) - Describing the specific ritual method of circumambulation. (by the throwing of a staff/stick)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śamyākṣepa

śamyākṣepa - throwing of a staff/stick

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śamyā+akṣepa)

• śamyā – wooden peg, staff, stick, rod
  noun (feminine)
• akṣepa – throwing, casting, alluding
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṣip (class 6)

विधिना (vidhinā) - Indicating that the circumambulation was done according to ritual prescription. (by method, by rule, by ordinance)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, regulation, method, ordinance, sacred precept

Root: dhā (class 3)

तत् (tat) - Referring to 'at that time', used adverbially. (that, then)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can be considered an adverbial usage of the pronoun.

आसीत् (āsīt) - Past state of something in the heart. (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

किम् (kim) - An interrogative pronoun, asking about content of heart. (what?, why?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, which?, why?

Note: Used as an interrogative pronoun.

नु (nu) - Emphasizing the question. (indeed, now, then (interrogative particle))

(indeclinable)

Note: An interrogative particle.

ते (te) - Referring to Bali. (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic form for dative or genitive singular. Here dative 'for you' or genitive 'of you' is best.

हृदि (hṛdi) - Figurative location of intentions or thoughts. (in the heart)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of hṛd

hṛd - heart, mind, soul

Note: Locative singular 'hṛdi'.