महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-2, verse-9

विद्याधिकमथालक्ष्य धनुर्वेदे धनंजयम् ।
द्रोणं रहस्युपागम्य कर्णो वचनमब्रवीत् ॥९॥

9. vidyādhikamathālakṣya dhanurvede dhanaṁjayam ,
droṇaṁ rahasyupāgamya karṇo vacanamabravīt.

9. vidyādhikam atha ālakṣya dhanurvede dhanañjayam
droṇam rahasi upāgamya karṇaḥ vacanam abravīt

9. atha droṇam rahasi upāgamya karṇaḥ dhanurvede
dhanañjayam vidyādhikam ālakṣya vacanam abravīt

9. Then, noticing Dhananjaya (Arjuna) as superior in skill (vidyā) in archery (dhanurveda), Karna secretly approached Drona and spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• विद्याधिकम् (vidyādhikam) - superior in knowledge, skilled, more proficient

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• आलक्ष्य (ālakṣya) - having seen, having observed, having noticed

• धनुर्वेदे (dhanurvede) - in the science of archery, in archery

• धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Dhananjaya (Arjuna)

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (the guru)

• रहसि (rahasi) - in secret, secretly

• उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

विद्याधिकम् (vidyādhikam) - superior in knowledge, skilled, more proficient

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidyādhika

vidyādhika - superior in knowledge or skill, more proficient

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vidyā+adhika)

• vidyā – knowledge, learning, skill
  noun (feminine)
• adhika – superior, greater, more
  adjective (masculine)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

आलक्ष्य (ālakṣya) - having seen, having observed, having noticed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root √lakṣ (to observe, perceive) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

धनुर्वेदे (dhanurvede) - in the science of archery, in archery

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dhanurveda

dhanurveda - the science or art of archery, military science

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhanus+veda)

• dhanus – bow, weapon
  noun (neuter)
• veda – knowledge, science
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)

धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Dhananjaya (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - conqueror of wealth, a name of Arjuna

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, victorious
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (the guru)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (the name of the teacher of the Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas)

रहसि (rahasi) - in secret, secretly

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of rahas

rahas - secret, solitude, privacy

Note: Often used adverbially

उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root √gam (to go) with prefixes upa- and ā-

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (name of a prominent character in the Mahabharata)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect past tense

root 'brū', 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: brū (class 2)