महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-2, verse-21

तदज्ञानकृतं मत्वा ब्राह्मणाय न्यवेदयत् ।
कर्णः प्रसादयंश्चैनमिदमित्यब्रवीद्वचः ॥२१॥

21. tadajñānakṛtaṁ matvā brāhmaṇāya nyavedayat ,
karṇaḥ prasādayaṁścainamidamityabravīdvacaḥ.

21. tat ajñānakṛtam matvā brāhmaṇāya nyavedayat
karṇaḥ prasādayan ca enam idam iti abravīt vacaḥ

21. karṇaḥ tat ajñānakṛtam matvā brāhmaṇāya
enam prasādayan ca idam iti vacaḥ abravīt

21. Karṇa, acknowledging that it was an unintentional act, reported it to the Brahmin. And while trying to appease him, he spoke these words:

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• अज्ञानकृतम् (ajñānakṛtam) - done unknowingly, caused by ignorance

• मत्वा (matvā) - having thought, considering, believing

• ब्राह्मणाय (brāhmaṇāya) - to the Brahmin

• न्यवेदयत् (nyavedayat) - reported, informed, announced

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (a proper name)

• प्रसादयन् (prasādayan) - propitiating, appeasing

• च (ca) - and

• एनम् (enam) - him

• इदम् (idam) - this, these

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words, speech

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Refers to the killing of the cow.

अज्ञानकृतम् (ajñānakṛtam) - done unknowingly, caused by ignorance

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ajñānakṛta

ajñānakṛta - done out of ignorance, unintentional

Past Passive Participle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ajñāna+kṛta)

• ajñāna – ignorance, nescience
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: a
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

मत्वा (matvā) - having thought, considering, believing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Suffix -tvā

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Formed with -tvā suffix, hence indeclinable.

ब्राह्मणाय (brāhmaṇāya) - to the Brahmin

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class

न्यवेदयत् (nyavedayat) - reported, informed, announced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vid

Causative Imperfect

From ni- + √vid (causative 'vedaya') in Imperfect (Laṅ).

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 2)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (a character in the Mahābhārata)

Note: The subject of the action.

प्रसादयन् (prasādayan) - propitiating, appeasing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sad

sad - to sit, to settle down, to calm

Present Active Participle

From pra- + √sad (causative 'sādaya') in present participle form.

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Acting as an adjective to Karṇa.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - this, that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to the Brahmin.

इदम् (idam) - this, these

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these, here

Note: Refers to the coming words.

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the direct speech.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

वचः (vacaḥ) - words, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Note: Used as the direct object of 'spoke'.