महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-2, verse-3

गुह्यमेतत्तु देवानां कथयिष्यामि ते नृप ।
तन्निबोध महाराज यथा वृत्तमिदं पुरा ॥३॥

3. guhyametattu devānāṁ kathayiṣyāmi te nṛpa ,
tannibodha mahārāja yathā vṛttamidaṁ purā.

3. guhyam etat tu devānām kathayiṣyāmi te nṛpa
tat nibodha mahārāja yathā vṛttam idam purā

3. nṛpa,
devānām etat guhyam tu te kathayiṣyāmi.
mahārāja,
tat yathā idam purā vṛttam (tad) nibodha.

3. But, O king (nṛpa), I will tell you this secret of the gods. Therefore, O great king (mahārāja), listen to how this indeed occurred in ancient times.

Words meanings summery:

• गुह्यम् (guhyam) - secret, hidden thing, mystery

• एतत् (etat) - this, this fact

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods

• कथयिष्यामि (kathayiṣyāmi) - I will tell, I will narrate

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king

• तत् (tat) - therefore, then, that

• निबोध (nibodha) - listen, understand, perceive

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, how

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - happened, occurred, transpired

• इदम् (idam) - this, this event

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, previously

Words meanings and morphology

गुह्यम् (guhyam) - secret, hidden thing, mystery

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of guhya

guhya - secret, hidden, to be concealed

Gerundive

Formed from root √guh (to hide) with suffix -ya.

Root: guh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'kathayiṣyāmi'.

एतत् (etat) - this, this fact

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that (near speaker)

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Modifies 'guhyam'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine

From root √div (to shine).

Root: div (class 4)

कथयिष्यामि (kathayiṣyāmi) - I will tell, I will narrate

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of √kath

Future Tense, Active Voice

1st person singular future active form of √kath (class 10 or secondary root)

Root: kath (class 10)

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Second person pronoun.

Note: Indirect object of 'kathayiṣyāmi'.

नृप (nṛpa) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

Compound of nṛ (man) + pa (protector, from √pā).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
  Oblique stem of nṛ (man).
• pa – protector, guardian, drinking
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  From root √pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

तत् (tat) - therefore, then, that

(indeclinable)

Often used adverbially to mean 'therefore, then'.

निबोध (nibodha) - listen, understand, perceive

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of ni-√budh

Imperative Mood, Active Voice

2nd person singular imperative active form of √budh (class 1) with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Karma-dhāraya compound meaning 'great king'.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
  Shortened form of mahat (great).
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  N-stem noun.
  Root: rāj (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, how

(indeclinable)

Relative adverb.

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - happened, occurred, transpired

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - happened, occurred, passed, become

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root √vṛt (to be, exist, happen).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate here, implying 'was happened'.

इदम् (idam) - this, this event

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Demonstrative pronoun.

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, previously

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.